the. strictly New England stations, as one would expect. The east-west 
limits of the funnel of distribution extend from Newfoundland to 
Ontario. It is difficult, in some respects, to divide these recov- 
eries into two groups but generally speaking there is a coastul group 
and a Lake Champlain-Hudson Valley group with a scattering of birds in 
between. Recoveries, expressed in percentages, are as follows: 
Maritime Provinces and Newfoundland 9 percent 
New England, except Vermont 7 percent 
New York, Vermont, and Ontario 5 percent 
Quebec 7 percent 
Reeoveries from winter-banded blacks (fig. 8) show much the 
same pattern except that 65 percent were taken locally and only 4 per- 
cent were taken south of the Island. With this group the eastern 
Canadian recoveries extended into Labrador, where the opportunities 
for getting recoveries are limited. 
Records from bandings during the spring migration show much 
the same pattern as the fall reeords. Percentage-wise they break down 
as follows: 
Maritime area 9 percent 
New England, excepting Vermont 10 percent 
New York, Vermont, and Ontario 3 percent 
Southern Quebec 12 percent 
Southern recoveries, principally 
to Virginia 3 percent 
Vermont - New York 
Vermont bandings from Lake Champlain, Lake Alice in the 
northeast corner of New York state and Tomhannock Reservoir in the 
Hudson Valley, show roughly similar patterns of movement, and are 
grouped together. It is somewhat debatable whether these records 
should be considered with the eastern group for they show a rather 
neutral position, with affinities to both east and west. The records 
for each are as follows: (Directs not including hunting-season bandings ) 
Direct Indirect 
Lake Champlain 102 56 
Lake Alice LO 19 
Tomhannock LL 51 
The flight route of these birds is restricted in width, fol- 
lowing fairly closely the Champlain-Hudson Valley. With the Lake Alice 
Station there also are some birds that move in a westerly direction via 
the St. Lawrence River apparently to join the Mississippi flights. 
~19- 
