AND THEIR TRANSFORMATIONS. 35 
(sometimes united by a longitudinal mark), and often with a dull irregular waved streak ; the hind wings fawn- 
coloured. The female has the wings dull fulvous chesnut, with two straw-coloured stripes forming a bar across 
the fore wings. It is, however, very inconsistent in its markings. The thorax is yellowish, and the abdomen 
clay-coloured in the male. 
The larva of this species feeds on low plants, such as Artemisia maritima, Plantago lanceolata, and Daucus 
carota, on the sea-coast ; hence termed the ground lacquey. It is of a leaden colour, the back black, with red 
streaks and red lines at the sides; the hairs yellow chesnut. The moth appears at the end of July and through 
August ; but it is very rare, occurring on the coasts of Essex, Kent, Devonshire, the Isle of Sheppey, &c. 

SPECIES 2.—CLISIOCAMPA NEUSTRIA. Puare X., Fie. 11 and 12. 
Synonymes.— Ph. (B.) Neustria, Linneus; Donovan, vol. 3, | Clistocampa Neustria, Curtis; Stephens; Wood, Ind. Ent., pl. 
pl. 95; Albin, pl. 19, fig. 27, e—1; Wilkes, pl. 45; Harris, Aure- {| 6, fig. 50 and 50. 
cS 
lian, pl. 17, fig. a—f. 
This very common and destructive species measures 1{ to 12 inch in the expansion of its fore wings. It is 
very similar to the preceding both in size and shape, but the thorax is fawn-coloured, not yellowish ; the wings more 
rusty fox-coloured, with two pale oblique stripes inclosing a darker coloured bar, the fringe spotted with yellow. 
The female, instead of being darker than the male as in the preceding, is lighter, with a similar but darker bar 
across the wings. The colours and markings, however, are very variable. The caterpillars are of a grey leaden 
colour, with three red lines on each side, and a white dorsal line. It is found in June, and in this state is 
one of the greatest pests our fruit-trees labour under, as they are sometimes quite defoliated by these voracious 
caterpillars, and covered over with their noisome webs. The eggs are hatched shortly after the leaves burst 
forth ; and the caterpillars do not separate but live in one society, forming for themselves a common web, 
which they enlarge from time to time as they find necessary to accommodate their increasing sizes, communi- 
cating at length to the almost defoliated tree a very sickly and disagreeable appearance. The best way to 
destroy them is to shake the branches violently, either with the hand or a pole with a hook to it; this brings 
them quickly to the ground, when they are easily destroyed. Poultry will feed on them with avidity (Haworth). 
The moth appears in July and August, and flies with great rapidity. 
TRICHIURA, Srernens. DIAPHONE, pars, Hipnnr. 

This group is distinguished by its- short straight antenne, its tail somewhat bifid in the males, and clothed 
with a dense mass of wool in the females, (whence the generic name, derived from the Greek, ) its fore wings 
short and opaque, and its hind ones rounded and entire ; but it is in the preparatory states that it chiefly differs 
from several of the preceding groups, the eggs being deposited in rows on the trunks of trees, and coated with 
sive ry 7S :} j re 1 8 
wool, stripped by the female from the extremity of her own body. The larve are for a short time gregarious, 
but do not form a common nest, and the cocoon is regularly egg-shaped and hard. 

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