AND THEIR TRANSFORMATIONS. 61 
whitethorn, and pear, as well as on grasses; and although not a common insect, it is very abundant 
where it occurs, as in the Huntingdonshire fens, Epping, and near Hertford. The moth appears at the 
beginning of July. 
Gasrropacua Inicrrot1a, Linneeus ; (Ochsenheimer ; Stephens ; Wood, Ind. Ent., pl. 53, fig. 35; and our 
plate 12, fig. 8 and 8;) is not above one-fourth of the size of the preceding, with the wings grey; the disc of 
the fore ones varied with three oblique reddish fascie ; the hind margin marked with a row of white spots. 
Ochsenheimer describes two distinct varieties of the caterpillars, which are found in J une, July, and August, 
on the sallow, as well as on Vaccinium Myrtillus. The moth appears in May. 
Introduced by Turton as a native species, but no British specimen is preserved in any of our cabinets. 
GastRopacHa Poputtrouia, Fabricius ; (Hiibner, Bomb., pl. 43, f. 169; Stephens; Wood, pl. 53, fig. 36 ; 
and our pl. 12, fig. 9, 10;) is another equally unauthenticated species, introduced by Martyn. It is as large 
as G. Quercifolia, but the fore wings are narrower, and the body more slender; the general colour is reddish 
buff, the thorax with a dark line, and the wings marked with numerous dusky arches, forming several oblique 
fascize. The caterpillar feeds on various species of Populus and Salix; and the moth appears in June. 

FAMILY VII.—ARCTIIDA, Leacn. 
This family, with which I have united the Notodontidw of Stephens, nearly corresponds with the third 
section of the Nocturna of Latreille, or the Pseudo-Bombyces, and comprises those species which have the 
wings deflexed in repose, the posterior pair not extending beyond the costa of the anterior; they are connected 
together by aspring and socket ; the antennz of the males are strongly bipectinated or serrated, the spiral tongue 
is either obsolete or of very small size, and the labial palpi are generally short and obtuse at the tip, with the 
last jomt very small. The caterpillars vary very considerably, being in some species naked, but variously 
tubercled ; in others thickly hairy ; and in some furnished with long tufts of hairs. They feed entirely upon the 
external parts of plants, and enclose themselves in cocoons when about to undergo their transformations. 
I find it impossible to draw a line between the genera which compose Mr. Stephens’s two families, Notodontidz 
and Arctiide. The structure of the mouth will not assist in the inquiry, because Hammatophora, Cerura, &c., 
amongst the Notodontide, have the maxille, and even the maxillary palpi (as discovered by Curtis), developed as 
strongly as in Spilosoma and Arctia; whilst there is as great a variation in the transformations of the genera of either 
group, as there is between the respective species of the two groups. The family, nevertheless, comprises several 
distinct types of form, which Boisduval has considered as the representatives of as many distinct tribes; namely : 
—]. Noropontrpgs (including Hammatophora and Clostera, as well as the more typical groups). 2. CoctiopopEs 
(Apoda and Heterogenea), 3. Psycnrpms. 4. Enpromipes (Aglaia and Endromis). 5. Liparipes 
(Liparis and Orgyia). 6. Cuxtonies (Arctia, &c.) 

