AND THEIR TRANSFORMATIONS. 127 
colour, tinged with buff, with numerous soft darker irregular brown markings, whereof those at the base form 
two double strigz ; the second considerably in advance of the basal stigma, and much waved; this stigma is 
paler, and between it and the posterior one is a slight dusky striga ; beyond the latter stigma is a curved row of 
whitish dots, edged before with black; then follows a striga of cuneated blackish spots edged with whitish 
lunules behind, followed by a marginal row of small brown triangular dots, with a paler streak at the base of the 
cilia. The hind wings are deep brown, but paler at the base. The head, thorax, and body are of the colour of 
the fore win gs. 
The species is rare, but very widely dispersed, having been taken as far north as Flisk. 

SPECIES 5.—GRAPHIPHORA LUNULINA. Prats XXVI., Fie. 9. 
Synonymes.— Noctua lunulina, Haworth ; Stephens (Gr. 1.) 
The following is a translation of Mr. Haworth’s description of this species. Expansion of the fore wings 
1} inch ; wings brown, slightly ashy, with four obsolete paler strigee, edged with black, as though formed of 
minute lunules; the first at the base almost obliterated, the second waved, preceding, and the third arched 
beyond the middle of the wing ; between these is a pale lunule and some dots in the place of the posterior stigma ; 
the anterior stigma is obsolete; then follows a fourth dentated striga, and a row of minute black dots on the 
margin ; ciliz brown, but slightly ashy. Hind wings ashy, with a brown border; the extreme margin pale, 
with whitish ciliz. Taken in Cambridgeshire. 

SPECIES 6.—GRAPHIPHORA BIRIVIA. 
Synonymes.—Voctua birivia, Hubner; Curtis’ Guide ; Stephens; Wood, Ind. Ent. pl. 52, fig. 1662 ; Boisduval, Ind, m. (Spelotis b.) 
This species is of the size of the female of Agrotis exclamationis. The thorax and fore wings are of a mouse- 
grey colour, varied with yellowish at the base, between the stigmata and at the apex, with whitish lines and spots. 
The first and second strigee are entire and slender, the stigmata distinct and edged with whitish, succeeded by a 
slender lunate pale striga, bent in the middle towards the ciliw, which is succeeded by a yellowish dentated 
striga. The ciliw grey, but whitish in the hind wings of the female, which have also a dark margin. 
SPECIES 7.—GRAPHIPHORA CRASSA. Prater XXV., Fie. 5. 
Synonymes.— Noctua Crassa, Hiibner ; Haworth; Treitschke ; Stephens? Wood, Ind. Ent., pl. 9, f. 157. 
This is another obscure species, the fore wings measuring about 14 inch in expanse, and being of a shining 
brown colour clouded with blackish, the base marked with a blackish line, and various irregular markings of the 
same colour between and encircling the stigmata, which are very obsolete. A third stigma, but very imperfect, 
and occasionally entirely obliterated, exists. Occasionally the ordinary strige are likewise visible, of a paler 
colour edged with brown ; namely, one at the base, another preceding, a third following the stigmata, and the 
fourth destitute of the brown edging near the apical margin ; the hind wings are pale brown, greyish at the base, - 
with a darker margin and veins. The antenne are slender, with very slight pectinations in the male. Found 
in Norfolk, Shropshire, Cambridge, Scotland, as well as near London, but not common, 

SPECIES 8.—GRAPHIPHORA AUGUR. Puate XXV., Fie. 6, 7. 
Synonymes. — Noctua Augur, Fabr.; Hiibner; Treitschke ca Noctua omega, Esper. 
Haworth ; Stephens; Wood, Int. Ent., pl. 9, fig. 158 ; Boisduval Noctua assimilans, Borkhausen. 
(Ind. Meth. Spelotis a.) Noctua Hippophaes, Geyer. 
This species measures from 13 to 13 inch in the expanse of the fore wings, which, as well as the entire 

