AND THEIR TRANSFORMATIONS. 131 
dusky, and the outer stigma large and reniform, with a pale margin ; beyond the latter runs a curved pale 
striga, followed by another rather darker than the ground-colour of the wing, having a blackish patch on the 
costa. The hind wings are reddish grey, with the margin darker, and the cilia rufescent. The female is darker- 
coloured, with the strige still more obsolete. 
The caterpillar is pale reddish brown, slightly varied with darker markings, and with three pale stripes down 
the back, and a reddish yellow one on each side, the spiracles being marked with dark freckles. It feeds on 
Atropa Belladonna, and other low plants in April, the moth appearing in July. It is not a rare species. 

SPECIES 15.—GRAPHIPHORA DAHLII. Prare XXV., Fie. 12. 
Synonymes.—JVoctua Dahli, Hiibner; Treitschke ; Boisduval Noctua Erythrocephala, Haworth, Sam. ; Stephens ; Wood, Ind. 
(Noctua D.) ; Stephens. Ent. pl. 10, fig. 164; and our page 125, ante. 
Noctua Silene, Borkhausen. 
This species generally measures less than 13 inch in the expanse of the fore wings, which, as well as the 
body, are of a pale fulvous brown, or greyish red colour, with rather indistinct cloudings and strige, and without 
the black patch near the extremity of the front margin of the wings; the hind margin is dusky ; the fore stigma 
is but slightly indicated (having a black dot behind it), and is succeeded by a dusky or chesnut-coloured patch, 
of a somewhat rounded form; beyond the second stigma is a pale striga, edged with dusky dots, and the 
extremity of the wing dusky castaneous, in which is a pale curved, and not very irregular, striga, and a row of 
apical dots. The hind wings dusky, with the margin darker, and a darker central lunule. The antennz in the 
males are distinctly pectinated. 
The larva is well figured by Hiibner ; it is of a brown red colour, covered with brown and yellow speckles, 
with a yellow dorsal line, and the head dark brown. It is found under low broad-leaved plants, in May; and 
the moth appearsin July. It is rare in the woods of Kent. 

SPECIES 16.—GRAPHIPHORA FESTIVA. Purarze XXVL., Fie. 1. 
Synonymes.— Noctua festiva, Wien. Verz.; Hiibner; Haworth; Noctua mendica, Fabr. 
Treitschke ; Stephens ; Wood, Ind. Ent. pl. 10, f. 165. Nociua subrufa, Haworth (variety). 
Noctua primula, Esper. 
This handsome insect varies from 1; to 14 inch in the expanse of the fore wings, which are of a light brownish 
fulvous, tinged with reddish, and varied with darker shades ; the stigmata pale luteous, or whitish ; the anterior 
preceded by a small triangular black dot, which is united anteriorly to a pale curved striga, edged with dusky, and 
which extends in a small patch'to the costa ; the space between the stigmata is dark rich brown, truncated behind 
by the great median vein; the supplemental stigma is indicated by a black dot; the second stigma is marked 
behind with a small dusky oval patch ; at a short distance beyond this is a curved row of pale festoons, edged 
with slight dusky lines, and another fine pale and rather indistinct striga runs nearly parallel to the outer 
margin of the wing, which is marked with black dots. The hind wings are brown, dusky on the margin; and 
the cilize of all the wings are flesh-coloured. The variety subrufa, of Haworth, differs in having the fore wings 
of the male redder-coloured, with the markings less conspicuous. 
The caterpillar is of a yellowish red colour, sprinkled with yellow dots; there is a pale dorsal line, and each 
segment has two dusky spots on the sides ; the head is dark brown. It feeds on the primrose, and is full-grown 
in May and June, and goes underground to pass into the pupa state. The moth appears in July and August. 
It is not a rare species, and has occurred in numerous distant parts of the country. 
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