AND THEIR TRANSFORMATIONS. 145 
not been named, but which form so many links connecting the supposed species together, differ in no one essential 
specific character, either in antenna, palpi, tibiae, or tarsi. 
The caterpillar varies from ashy grey with reddish lateral lines, to ferruginous varied with brown, and a 
brown head. It feeds on low plants. The moths frequent woods, hedges, and gardens, and the more ordinary 
varieties are by no means rare. 

SPECIES 2.—CARADRINA MORPHEUS. Prats XXIX., Fie. 13, 14. 
Synonymes.— Noctua Morpheus, Vieweg ; Treitschke ; Stephens ; pl. 11, fig. 202. 
Boisduval ; Wood, Ind. Ent. pl. 1], fig, 201. Noctua radica, Esper ? 
Noctua Sepii, Hiibner ; Haworth; Stephens; Wood, Ind. Ent. | Noctua pulla, Beckwith in Linn. Trans. 2, pl. 1, fig. 7, 9? 
This species measures about 1+ inch in the expansion of the fore wings, which are of a pale greyish brown, 
with a shining gloss ; the markings indistinct, the costa varied with numerous short, dusky, oblique spots, a 
transverse striga close to the base of the wings, a second, much-waved, preceding the basal stigma, which, as well 
as the other, are dusky and rather wide apart, the space between them is darker; beyond the outer stigma 
runs a slender much-curved row of dots, and beyond this a rather broad, irregular, dusky bar, succeeded by a 
paler streak ; the margin itself dusky, and marked with a row of blackish dots. The hind wings pale whitish 
buff, having a black dot in the middle, towards the costa, on the under side. ‘“ Varieties darker in colour, and 
clouded, or spotted with deep fuscous or black, are generally called Morpheus,” which is considered identical 
with Sepii by Bentley and Boisduval. Mr. Stephens, however, considered his specimen of Morpheus as distinct, 
on account ‘of its differing in its pale ochraceous or flavescent ash-colour from all the specimens he had seen 
of Sepii. 
The caterpillar is of a reddish-brown colour, with a pale dorsal line and obscure lateral streaks. The larvae, as 
described by Beckwith, has the back and belly of a pale livid colour; and along the middle of the back is a row 
of white rhomboidal spots ; the sides dark brown, with the lower extremity edged with a white line ; he describes 
it as lying concealed at the roots of willows during the day, and ascending the trees to feed on the leaves at 
night. ‘This description seems inapplicable to the present species, of which the caterpillar is said to feed on 
the wild convolvulus. The perfect insect is very common, and appears in June. 
SPECIES 3.—CARADRINA CUBICULARIS. Prater XXIX., Fic. 15. 
Synonymes.— Noctuacubicularis, Hiibner; Haworth ; Treitschke ; Noctua superstes, Haworth ; Stephens ; Wood, Ind. Ent. pl. 11, 
Boisduval ; Stephens ; Wood, Ind. Ent. pl. 11, fig. 203. fig. 204. 
Noctua segetum, Esper. Caradrina superstes, Treitschke ? 
Noctua 4-punctata, Fabricius ; Stewart. — Noctua blanda, Haworth; Hiibner ? Duponchel ? Boisduvyal ? 
This small species varies from 1 to 11 inch in the expanse of the fore wings, which are of a pale greyish 
brown-buff, with four black dots on the costa, indicating the origin of the ordinary strige, the two basal ones of 
which are very slender and very much dentated; the basal stigma is very indistinct, marked by a slightly 
fulvous speck. Between this and the outer stigma is a very indistinct series of dark arches ; the outer stigma is 
falvons, but rather indistinct, with a blackish patch at its base, marked with two minute specks, followed by a 
much-curved row of delicate black arches, the apical portion of the wing being varied with brown, pale luteous 
buff, and reddish-brown, forming several indistinct and irregular fascia. The apical margin itself is dotted with 
black ; the hind wings white, with a pearly tinge ; the margin slightly brown; beneath they have a dusky 
fascia running from the costa; and the margin is dotted with small black marks. This species is liable to 
considerable variation, both in the distinctness of the strige and in the extent of the reddish-brown markings 
near the apex of the wings. Mr. Bentley states that large and dark varieties are generally named Superstes in 
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