AND THEIR TRANSFORMATIONS, 169 
which H. popularis closely resembles, in its markings and pale veins, The palpi are rather short and porrected ; 
the spiral tongue very short ; the thorax subquadrate, and the abdomen of the males tufted. The caterpillars 
are robust and naked. They feed upon low-growing plants, hiding themselves during the day, whence the 
generic name, which signifies Dread-of-the-sun. The pupa is buried under ground. Boisduval arranges the 
genus next to Agrotis, and includes in it Chareas graminis and some other moths. 
Sn eee eee 
SPECIES 1.—HELIOPHOBUS POPULARIS. Prats XXXV., Fie. 1. 
Synonymes.—Woctua popularis, Fabricius ; Haworth ; Stephens; Noctua Lolii, Esper. 
Wood, Ind. Ent., pl. 12, fig. 247. Noctua typicoides, Donovan, 15, pl. 505. 
Noctua graminis, Hiibner. 
This species measures nearly 12 inch in the expanse of the fore wings, which are brown with white veins; 
in the middle of the wing are two geminated strige, the space between them being darker, and bearing the 
three stigmata ; beyond these is a submarginal row of arrow-shaped spots, the point directed towards the base 
of the wing, with the fourth striga yellowish-white, immediately adjoining, and more or less interrupted ; on 
the margin is a row of black dots; the two ordinary stigmata are pale yellowish-ash, with the centres darker, 
the anterior being small and circular; the supplemental stigma is ashy, with a black edge; the cilia is brown, 
with two pale lines ; the hind wings are whitish, with a broad dusky border. 
It is by no means rare, and is a widely distributed species. 
SPECIES 2.—HELIOPHOBUS LEUCOPH AUS. Puare XXXV., Fie. 2, 3. 
Synonymrs.— Woctua leucophea, Wien.Verz. ; Hiibner ; Stephens, Bombyx vestigialis, Esper (male) ; Devill. 
Hl. H. 2, pl. 24, f. 1; Wood, Ind. Ent. pl. 12, fig. 248. Bombyx ravida, Esper (female). 
Bombyx fulminea, Fabricius, Devilliers. Pachetra leucophea, Guénée. 
This species, which Guénée has formed into a separate genus, and which Boisduval placed as his first section 
of the genus Hadena, measures 12 inch in the expanse of the fore wings, which are of a greyish-white, varied 
with pale buff, and with darker clouds of brown. The ordinary strige are indistinct, except the second, which 
is indicated by two pale arched lines behind the base of the anterior stigma; the third is represented by a few 
dark scollops behind the second stigma, and a few dots on the veins; and the fourth by the indistinct striga 
towards the apex of the wing, having a more or less distinct series of dark conical spots resting upon it within, 
and the tip of the wing beyond it being brown. The stigmata are large, distinct, and pale, with the centres 
darker and the edges blackish ; the hind wings are ashy white, with a dark central lunule and a transverse striga, 
the extreme margin formed by a very slender interrupted dark line. The specimen figured by Mr. Stephens is 
considerably paler than that represented in our plate, with the markings less distinct. The Caterpillar is reddish- 
brown, with dark longitudinal stripes. The moth is very rare in this country, the only known specimens having 
occurred near Bristol in July 1816. Boisduval gives June as the time of its appearance. 
EKUPLEXIA, Srepuens. PHLOGOPHORA, pars. Treitscuxe, Boy., Curtis. 
The species of which this group is composed, namely our only English species, Noctua lucipara and two conti- 
nental ones, seem to form a passage between the Hadene, with which they are associated by Guénée, and the typical 
Phlogophore, with which latter they agree in various important respects. The palpi are obliquely porrected 
and slightly elevated ; the eyes are naked; the thorax crested behind; the fore wings longitudinally folded in 
repose, the ciliz forming a dentate margin to the wings; the antennz of the males closely clothed with bristles ; 
the caterpillars glabrous, green-coloured, with darker oblique lateral lines and minute black tubercles, and slightly 
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