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AND THEIR TRANSFORMATIONS. 217 
ochre, slightly tinged with red; a pale line running through the middle, from the base to the apical margin. 
All the veins are slender and white, with the space between the veins beyond the middle of the wing longitudinally 
striated with pale and darker brown lineole, three dark lines being placed between each pair of veins. At the 
extremity of the discoidal cell is an exceedingly minute black speck ; and between this and the apical margin is 
a curved row of minute blackish dots, two of which are larger than the rest; the hind wings are brownish-gray, 
and shining with white ciliz. The caterpillar is buff, with pale dorsal and lateral lines; it feeds on various 
species of Carex, and the moth appears in July, and is very abundant. 
Noctua punctinA, Haworth, has the wings striolated and entirely rufescent; the fore wings, with the 
apical margin, dotted with brown ; the hind wings pale, with a broad ashy patch at the anal angle. It occurs 
in company with the type of the species, as does also 
LEvcANIA ARCUATA, Stephens, which has the fore wings pale straw-coloured, with two black dots on the 
disc ; apical margin immaculate ; the posterior wings white, shaded with ashy-brown, and with an arched row 
of brown spots * beyond the middle of the wing, each spot placed upon a vein; cilia white. This may possibly 
be a variety of L. pallens. 
SPECIES 4.—LEUCANIA OBSOLETA. Puare XLVII., Fie. 5. 
Synonymes.—WVoctua obsoleta, Hiibner; Treitschke ; Stephens; Boisduval ; Guénée ; Wood, Ind. Ent. pl. 15, fig. 361. 
Noctua fuliginosa, Haworth, (teste Curtis.) 
This species measures about 14 inch in the expansion of the fore wings, which are of a dirty buff colour, 
caused by numerous minute dusky irrorations; the veins are pale, especially the great median one, with a 
delicate dusky line on each side; the discoidal cell bears two such lines, and between the veins in the apical 
portion of the wings, there is a series of more distinct dusky longitudinal lines, which terminate in minute dark 
dots ; at the branching off of the third branch of the median vein, there is a more distinct white dot, beyond 
which is an oblong row of dusky dots, one being placed on each vein. The hind wings are white, with a dusky 
margin and veins, and a small central dark dot. Taken by Mr. Samuel Stevens, in the Hammersmith marshes, in 
June last. Mr. Douglas, we are also informed, has taken it in the Bermondsey marshes, and Mr. Chant, near 
the City-road. 
SPECIES 5—LEUCANIA LITORALIS. Pxrare XLVII., Fie. 6. 
Synonymes.—Leucania litoralis, Curtis, Brit. Ent. pl. 157. 
Leucania littoralis, Stephens ; Wood, Ind. Ent. pl. 15, fig. 360. 
“Pale and dull ochraceous ; superior wings fuscous in the middle, with a white stripe down the centre, slightly 
produced midway at the nervure, and furcate towards the extremity ; three small white stripes upon the 
nervures at the apex; and six fuscous lines between the nervures at the posterior margin ; cilia fuscous ; 
inferior wings white tinged with yellow ; abdomen darkest towards the apex.” Curtis op. cit. Varieties of a 
brownish tinge occur; and the dusky streaks between the nervures are variable in intensity. Taken on the 
coast near Christchurch, Hampshire, and on the coast in Cumberland. 
SPECIES 6.—LEUCANIA PALLENS. Puare XLVIL., Fie. 7, 8. 
Synonymes.—Noctua pallens, Linneus; Hiibner; Haworth ; Noctua suffusa, Stephens ; Wood, Ind. Ent. pl. 15, fig. 367 (a 
Treitschke ; Stephens ; Wood, Ind. Ent. pl. 15, fig. 365. probable variety.) 
Noctua rufescens, Haworth ; Stephens ; Wood, Ind. Ent. pl. 15, Noctua ochracea, Stephens; Wood, Ind. Ent. pl. 15, fig. 368 (a 
fig. 366 (a probable variety.) probable variety. ) 
This variable insect measures about, or rather less than, 14 inch in the expanse of the fore wings, which are 
of a reddish buff colour ; the veins rather paler than the disk of the wings; bordered on each side with a rather 
* Wood's figure, from one of Mr. Stephen’s specimens, does not exhibit this arched row of dots. 
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