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AND THEIR TRANSFORMATIONS. 225 
streaks of pale red-brown ; the stigmata are irregular and broken into small spots of red-brown, the inner margin 
is deep chestnut, with ashy and black hues interrupted by a pale-gray crescent edged with a chestnut lunule; the 
hind wings are brown with the base ashy ; the thorax crested and abdomen tufted with red-brown. The 
caterpillars vary considerably in colour, being pinkish or green with darker longitudinal lines, and a pale-yellow 
stripe down the back and another on each side above the spiracles. It feeds on the golden rod and china aster. 
It is rare in this country, but has been found in September at Darenth Wood, Kent, also near Croydon, Fulham, 
in Norfolk, also near Dulwich Wood, in June by Mr. Douglas. The moth appears in July. 

SPECIES 8.—CUCULLIA ABSINTHII. Puare XLIX., Fie. 5. 
Synonymes.—Phal. Noctua absinthii, Linneus; Hiibuer; Fabricius; Trietschke ; Duponchel ; Haworth; Stephens ; Wood, Ind. Ent. 
pl. 16, fig. 387 ; Donovan 9, pl. 304. 
Phalena punctigera, Hufnagle. 
This species measures about 14 inch in the expanse of the fore wings, which are of a hoary ash-colour varied 
with brown clouds and darker dots and patches ; the base is pale, and marked with several small dark dots followed 
by a strongly dentated pale striga edged with dark brown on each side, the place of the stigmata is occupied by 
several blackish dots, some being placed in a square representing the anterior stigma, between which and the outer 
stigma runs a dark striga to the costa; the apical margin has a row of black dots ; and the costa is marked near 
the apex with several small white dots. The hind wings are pale-hoary, with a dark border; the abdominal 
segments and thoracic crests, with dark tufts. The caterpillar is green with yellow streaks and red spots. It feeds 
on different species of Artemisia. It used to be taken plentifully sixty years ago in Bunhill-fields, but it has in 
late times been found on the coasts of Devonshire and South Wales, where it is not uncommon. 
SPECIES 9.—CUCULLIA UMBRATICA. Puarr XLIX., Fie. 6, 7. 
Synonymes,— Phalena Noctua umbratica, Linneus ; Ochsenhei- | pl. 25, fig. 3, 6; Engramelle, pl. 248, fig. c—d—e ; Hiibner, larve, 
mer; Hiibner; Haworth; Donovan, 8, pl. 262, fig. 2; Boisduval; | 4, pl. 222, 20, and 223, a—d. 
Stephens ; Wood, Ind. Ent. pl. 16, fig. 3881; Rambur; Rosel, vol. 1., 
This species measures from 13 to 2 inches in the expanse of the fore wings, which are very pale gray, shaded 
towards the costa with pale ochre, with fine streaks of ashy and black, some of which are much angulated and 
duplicated, faintly representing the ordinary striga ; there is a more distinct black streak running from the base of 
the wing, beyond which, towards the costa, are three or four small black spots, between which and the apical 
margin, is another faint angulated striga edged with whitish on the outside ; the apical margin itself with a row 
of short black lines; the hind wings are clear-whitish, with a slight-brown margin. The caterpillar is dark- 
brown or obscure-gray, with a.row of red spots down the back, two being placed on each segment, and another 
row on each side above the spiracles. It feeds on different species of Sonchus. The moth appears in the middle 
of July ; it is widely dispersed, and by no means rare. 
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SPECIES 10.—CUCULLIA TANACETI. Puate XLIX., Fie. 8, 9. 
SynonymMe.— Noctua Tanaceti, Wien. Verz. ; Fabricius; Hiibner ; Ochsenheimer ; Haworth; Stephens; Wood, Ind. Ent. pl. 16, fig. 382. 
This species measures 12. or nearly 2 inches in the expanse of the fore wings, which are of a darker or more 
slaty gray than in the last species, shaded to brown on the fore and hind margins, and with the streaks and 
dots of black much more distinct ; the black basal streak is present, reaching nearly to the middle, and followed 
by a shorter one (behind the place of the stigmata, which are slightly indicated by black dots); the costa is 
marked near the apex with several pale dots, and the apical margin with black streaks ; the inner margin has a 
more distinct streak interrupted before the anal angle by an angulated pale line, being the basal rudiment of the 
third ordinary striga; the apical angle bears two black dashes ; the veins are brownish ; the hind wings nearly 
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