338 NATURAL HISTORY. 
thefe little fmooth, round, and hard galls, which are 
found faftened to the fibres under oak leaves. This 
all is caufed by the overfiowing of the fap of the 
eaf, occafioned by the fly having pierced it, for the 
purpofe of depofiting there its eggs.— Sometimes, in- 
ttead of the cynips, a large infect proceeds from the 
gall, and which is called an ichneumon. ‘This lat- 
ter infect is not the real inmate of the gall; he is a 
parafite, whofe mother depofited her egg in the yet 
tender gall; and, when hatched, produces a larva, 
what devours the larva found there of the cynips. Of 
this genus, there is a {pecies which caufes the galls of 
which the Norway ink 1s made. oi sage ke 
GENUS VIII. | 

APIS.——BEE. 
"Tuese infects are divided into feveral fpecies, 
which are diftinguifhed from each other, by genius, 
talent, manner and difpofition.’ Some live in fociety, 
and fhare the toils: Others dwell, and work, in foli- 
tude, building the cradles of their families, as the 
Jeaf cutter bee does, witha rofe leaf; the upholft- 
erer, with the gaudy tapettry ef the cern rofe ; the 
mafon bee, with plafter; and the wood piercer, with 
faw duft.. But all, in general, are employed, in their 
iittle kingdom, with providing for their pofterity, and 
contributing fo the general welfare of their commu- 
nity. 
Of bees there are three forts; the plebeians, the 
drones, and the queen. ‘The queen, or parent bee, 
is the foul of the hive; To her all the re are {oO at-_ 
tached, that they will follow her wherever fhe goes. 
