64 
Brood Averages 
Brood averages from the Redvers Study Area and from a radius of not more 
than 20 miles distant, follow in Table IX. 
Table [X.- Brood Averages by Age Classes. 
Class la 
1952 1953 1954 

Mallard 6.96 6.91 6,14 
Blue-winged teal 8.87 8.50 8.88 
Pintail 6.40 7.12 4.50 
Baldpate 8.40 7.68 8.15 
Canvasback 7.25 6.42 5.64 
Brood averages appear to be somewhat 
winged teal. Causes for lower brood averages 
Class III 
1952 1953 1954 

6.13 6.55 5.47 
7.25 7.98 8.83 
5.00 5.19 4.18 
7.00 715 -= 
5.64 6.07 3.75 
lower 
in 1954 were: 
All Age Classes 

1952 1953 1954 
6.42 6.74 5.98 
7.94 8.21 8.66 
5.62 5.82 4,38 
7.81 7.23 7.19 
6.28 6.43 4.66 
in 1954 except for the blue- 
l. Prolific renesting caused by excessive predation, flooding and weather 
conditions. 
2. Lowering of clutch size due to sharply rising water levels which caused 
some hens to add to (elevate) their nests. 
or buried under the nest. 
one, 
In most cases, some eggs were chilled 
One hen mallard started out with nine eggs and hatched 
Teal brood sizes were not affected because they nested later, and when 
water levels reached their nests they abandoned the eggs and started a new nest, 
Roadside Brood Counts 
. Results of roadside brood counts for the three-year period are as follows: 
1952 
Total miles covered 157 
Total broods seen 251 
Broods per lineal mile - 1,60 
1953 
157 
342 
2.18 
1954 
190 
151 
0.79 
