100 
INDEX. 
Odoardi, on the recent origin of the tertiary 
strata of Italy, 1 9 
QSiningen, fossil reptile found at, 7 
Older Pliocene period — see Pliocene pe- 
riod, older 
Olivet, volcanic cone of — ("see frontispiece,) 
187 
Olot, volcanic district of, 183 
■ its extent — see map, wood-cut No. 
43, 184 
■ number of volcanic cones in — (see 
frontispiece, 185) 
• geological structure of the district 
around, 185 
■ age of the volcanos of, 191 
town of, destroyed by an earthquake 
in 1421, 191 
country between Perpignan and, oc- 
casionally shaken by earthquakes, 191 
Omalius d'Halloy, on the former connexion 
of Auvergne and the Paris basin by 
lakes, 241 
Oolite, or jura limestone formation, 326 
converted into hypogene rock in 
the Alps, 371 
Organic remains, controversy as to the real 
nature of, 3 
theories to account for their occur- 
rence in high mountains, 4 
contemporaneous origin of rocks 
proved by, 39 
— — comparative value of different classes 
of, 46 
Origin of the globe, no geelogical proofs 
of, 384 
Orleanais, fossil remains of the, 219 
Orthes, tertiary strata of, 207 
Osseous breccias, in Sicilian caves, 139 
in Australian caves, 143 
• ■ now forming in the Morea, 144 
Otranto, tertiary strata of, 22 
Ouse, transverse valley of the, 298, 299 
has filled up an arm of the sea, 300 
Outlying patches of tertiary strata on chalk 
hills, 283 
Pachyderraata, great abundance of this 
order in the Eocene period, 59 
Pacific, lines of ancient sea cliffs on the 
shores of the, 130 
Palseotherium found in the fresh-water 
strata of the Isle of Wight, 281, 317 
Palagonia, dikes traversing peperino at — 
see diagrams Nos. 6 and 7, 69 
section to Paterno from — see dia- 
gram No. 12, 76 
Palermo, caves containing osseous breccias 
near, 140 
fossil shells from— see list Appen- 
dix II., p. 55, 56 
Panella, in Ischia, ancient sea-beach seen 
near, 127 
Papandayang, subsidence of the volcanic 
cone of, 96 
Parallel roads of Coquimbo, 131 
of Glen Roy, 131 
Pans, comparison between the tertiary 
strata of, and those of England, 282 
Paris basin, formations of the, 16 
organic remains of the, 16 
all tertiary formations at first re- 
ferred to the age of those of the, 17 j 
analogy of the deposits of central 
France to those of the, 241 
geographical connexion of Auvergne 
and the, 241 
subdivisions of strata in the, 242 
diagrams showing the relation which 
the strata bear to each other — see wood- 
cuts, Nos. 58 and 59, 243 
— — superposition of different formations 
in the, 244 
plastic clay and sands of the, 244 
■ ■ calcaire grossier, 245 
calcaire siliceux described, 246 
gypsum and marls of the, 246 
second or upper marine group, 248 
third fresh-water formation, 249 
age of the deposits of the, 20, 250 
abundance of microscopic shells in 
the, 20, 250 
bones of quadrupeds in gypsum, 251 
alternation of strata with and without 
organic remains in the, 254 
number of living species in the fossil 
testacea of the, 55, 253 
■ concluding remarks on the tertiary 
strata of the, 254 
fossil shells of the — see tables, Ap- 
pendix I. 
number of living species in the fos- 
sil shells of the — Appendix L, p. 50 
Parkinson, Mr., on the crag, 19, 156 
Parma, sub-Apennine marls thinly lami- 
nated near, 158 
these marls interstratified with lig- 
nite in the territory of, 159 
silicified shells found in the marls 
near, 160 
blue marl of, a fresh-water uni- 
valve filled with marine shells found in 
the, 163 
river, brown clay deposited by the, 
161 
Paroxysmal elevations, theory of, 128 
Partsch, M., on the tertiary strata of the 
basin of Vienna, 213 
Paterno, section from, to Palagonia — see 
diagram, No. 12, 76 
valleys excavated through blue mar 
at, 77 
relative age of the basalts of, 82 
Pauliac, limestone of, 208 
Pegwell bay, recent deposits in, 182 
