LAND AND WATER, 
June 26, 1915. 
To Lembcrg- 
.#' 
MilovAnk^ 
the north, where the advancing line is sufficiently 
strong in numbers. There runs here on the nortii 
a line of hills which I have marked A A, on the 
diagram below, and behind them the road from 
Leraberg, tlirough Zolkiev to Rawa Ruska (and 
ultimately Tomasow on the frontier). Zolkiev was 
at the time of writing (Tuesday evening) reported 
by the enemy to have been in his hands since last 
Sunday, and therefore Rawa Ruska as well. It is 
evident that the whole of this northern road was 
already grasped by the enemy upon that date (the 
20th), and that the line of the Grodek lakes was 
thoroughly turned. In other words, the only 
KOA'IARNO 
^'Marshes^U the wev^ 
ss to tlx^ 'Dniester. 
'^^%^^^.^ I — ' — ' — ' — *- 
Miles. 
—J 
m 
army attacking any properly equipped defensive. 
There is a passage at Komarno, then no reason- 
able crossing for eight miles; for at the humor- 
ously named village of Grunt, upon the drainage 
stream of the whole system there is only a path. 
It is not till you get to Malovanka that you get 
a very narrow bridge of dry land carrying the 
southern high road to Lemberg; four or five miles 
further to the north you have the main town of 
Grodek, carrying the main, or northern, high 
road to Lemberg; then at the top of the shallow, 
and largely swampy, lake of Grodek you have a 
place where, though the marshes are continuous 
(at A), the dry land comes sufficiently close on 
either side to carry the railway across on an 
artificial crossing. Beyond this the lakes extend 
yet another four or five miles, and at their 
extremity they are continued, rather to one side, by 
a further little chain of lakes and marshes. Here, 
then, is a front upon which a quarter of a million 
men could deploy, and yet with only three roads 
by very narrow defiles through the bogs and 
Bhallow lakes and only one railway for supply. 
Ht is as strong a position as any other which has 
come into this great campaign, and resembles in 
some of its difficulties the lake district where 
Hindenburg won his great victory of Tannenberg 
in the autumn of last year. 
Now, unfortunately, it can be turned from 
To Tomasow 
^Rawa Ruska 
Zolkiew 
Lembet^ 
35 
o 
30 
Great VnlesBer — "^y^f'^ 
Ivfarshes x, "^tfr 
J^yd&czow 
natural position for the defence of Lemberg had 
gone 
There has not been received at the moment of 
writing the news of the enemy's occupation of 
the city. 
A NOTE ON ENEMY LOSSES. 
I have been approached by several correspon- 
dents in the matter of what they believe to be an 
exaggeration upon my part of the enemy's losses. 
I fear that the mood which now tends to belittle 
these losses is part of that uncalculating depres- 
sion which has been created in this country mainly 
by one very insincere section of the Press, and 
which is as significant in the eyes of serious study 
and criticism as was the foolishly extravagant 
hope months ago, when the Russians were to have 
been in Berlin by October. 
The calculation of enemy, losses is, of course, 
not an exact science, but it is something in which 
4* 
