36 
Land & W'atcr 
May 2 , 1 9 1 8 
■' Proudly anil sturdily go the gun horses even in the 
rain . Js I passed a battery to-day . . . / thought 
hou: much better off we are for horses than the enemy. 
He has been using small Russian ponies for transport 
ifork, and tee haye heard of some German batteries 
■ffhich now hate no horses of their otvn. They hare 
to horroa- them from transport v>hen they moye." 
HAMILTON FYFE in Daily Mail, 9/4/18. 
Not least of the causes for the relative 
German shortage of horses is the care we 
have given to our horses from the first day 
of the war. The Army Veterinary Service 
assisted by the 
R.S.P.C.A. FUND 
FOR SICK AND WOUNDED HORSES 
(the only Fund authorised by the Army Council to assist the A.V.C.) 
has done work as brave and as valuable in its way as 
that of our heroic soldiers themselves. The restoration 
to service of 450,000 horses in 1917 alone tells its own 
tale. That it saved the nation some £23,000.000 is of 
less account to-day than that the R.S.P.C.A. Fund 
shall be enabled to continue its good work of providing 
the various veterinary accommodation and supplies, 
for which 
£50,000 IS NEEDED 
now. To quote Mr. Hamilton Fyfe again : — 
" Horses are hitfing a great deal more work to do 
than during trench warfare. Hott they add to the 
picturesqueness of war .' 'But hort much, also, to the 
pitifulness of it when one sees them, as 1 haye lately, 
lying by the roadside ! " 
What English man or woman reading this appeal will 
fail to respond to-day ? No matter what you have 
already done for us you cannot forget those dumb yet 
eloquent loyal supporters of our men. Patriotism, 
economy, humanity, all urge and justify real sacrifice in 
this cause. You need not our thanks or we would add, 
they go out to you now, even as you fill in the form 
below. 
The cost of this advertisement is generously borne 
by a group of well-known sportsmen and horse-lovers. 
CONTRIBUTION FORM 
If you cannot send us much, pi ase send a little. Cut out this 
form, fill it in, and return as promptly as possible to the Hon. 
Secretary, R.S.P.C.A., Dept. B.N. i6, 105 Jermyn Street, S.W.i. 
I herewith enclose £ , which is to be used exclusively 
for the British Sick and Wounded Horses at the Front. 
Name ^ 
Address.. ..i^ 
P.C.B.— B.N. 16. Date 
• {CoKlinutd from pate M) 
a Standing army was deprecated loudly as an outburst of 
militarism, and to expand the navy was thought to divert 
the taxpayers' money from the legitimate improvement of 
public facilities. There is no nation mentioned in history, 
ancient or modern, that talked or thought less of war and 
warlike things, or that rested so secure in the conviction 
that the world had reached that point in civilisation when 
a war of any magnitude, or at least of sufficient magnitude 
to draw America into the vortex,. was an impossibility. 
When tlie crash came in 1914 this was the frame of mind 
in which American industry was discovered, and it took 
nearly three years of the great conflict and the persistent 
efforts of the" German Government to bring the American 
people to a realisation of the stern necessities of the hour. 
.\s soon as realised, however, there was not a moment's 
hesitation. The leaders of industry at once moved the hands 
of their indicators from "peace" to "war," and orders went 
forth that transformed the greatest peace organisation the 
world has ever seen into an organisation designed and operated 
with the single purpose of defeating the enemies of America 
and the .■\llies. 
America's Fighting Power 
The fighting power of America is hampered in Europe 
by the 3,000 miles or more of water separating that country 
from the battlefield, and yet, on the other hand, the mere fact 
of this isolation leaves American industry free to develop 
without fear of attack. In less than a year the army has 
been increased from about 200,000 to nearly 2,000,000 men, 
the navy personnel from less than 80,000 to nearly half a 
million, and all these soldiers and sailors have been equipped 
with kit, armament, and food supplies. In April, 1917, about 
125 naval vessels were under construction, and now, a year 
later, nearly 1000 are on the waj's. Twenty great manufac- 
turing plants are building flying machines, and army supplies 
have been turned out at a bewildering rate until the totals 
run into many millions of tons. It is estimated that ever}' 
soldier sent to France means at least 5 tons of accompanying 
equipment and supplies. 
It is towards the shipbuilding industry of America, therefore, 
that most anxious eyes have been turned and upon which 
effort has been concentrated. With 11,000,000 tons of 
shipping gone to the bottom and the large demands made 
by the naval forces on the merchant marine the need was 
imperative. Men and materials were ready to come to 
Europe in unlimited numbers and quantities, but transport- 
ation had to be provided. To build ships was one of the 
most difficult things to ask of .\merica, for this industry 
up to the year 1916 had been at a low ebb as compared with 
other industries, and the amount of preparation necessary 
for a big turn-out was greater than in any other direction 
in the production of war material. Work was not begun 
as promptly as was hoped for, there was trouble "at the 
top," but a different story can be written of the last few 
months, and in America to-day are some of the largest ship- 
building yards in the world, and all crowded with vessels 
rapidly approaching completion. Indeed, ships are already 
being launched the keels of which were laid some time after 
the American declaration of war against Germany. 
From the beginning of American participation in the war 
American industry has had little trouble with labour. The 
leaders of the great labour organisations have shown a 
marked and intelligent understancUng of the purpose of the 
United States Government and the rank and file has supported 
them with enthusiasm. Many of the problems that affect 
labour unfavourably in Europe do not exist in America, 
hence the situation is not quite so complicated. The supply 
of men for the army is so great no comb-outs are necessary. 
There is no real shortage of food, wages are high, and the 
eight-hour day with its two or even three shifts for the 24 
hours prevails in all Government work and in most private 
establishments. The disappearance of the Tsardom in Russia 
narrowed all opposition to the war among the ahen population 
to the sympathisers with Germany and her Allies, and many 
of these are lukewarm or indifferent to the fate of their 
mother countries. The United States Government showed 
unexpected firmness in deahng with alien enemies, and, backed 
by public sentiment, the strong hand of the Department of 
Justice has kept harmless all but a few, and even their activities 
have been reduced to the minimum. There are fewer labour 
disturbances and outrages upon industrial plants in America 
to-day than there were before America came into the war. 
Nearly all of the great American industrial institutions 
have been built up not only through efficiency and modern 
{Continued on page 38) 
