10 
LAND ^ WATER 
October 3, 1918 
ANZAC COVE, GALLIPOLI 
The scene o( the landing of Australians and New Zealanders, and of some of the most gallant exploits of the war. 
Australian Official 
and to take none of the British and French who were then 
connected with American institutions. 
"All the rest will have to go," was his final word. "More- 
over," he added, "we do not purpose to have the English 
ships fire at the transports we are sending to the Dardanelles. 
In the future we shall put a few Englishmen and Frenchmen 
on every ship we send down there as a protection to our 
own soldiers." 
When I returned to our embassy I found that the news of 
the proposed deportation had been published. The amaze- 
ment and despair that immediately resulted were unp.iralleled, 
even in that city of constant sensations. Europeans, by 
living for many years in the Levant, seem to acquire its 
emotions, particularly its susceptibility*to fear and horror, 
greatly accentuated by. their deprivation of the protection 
of their embassies. A stream of frenzied people now began 
to pour into the Embassy. From their tears and cries one 
would have thought that they were immediately to be taken 
out and shot, and that there was any possibility of being 
saved seemed hardly to occur to them. Yet all the time they 
insisted that I should get individual exemptions. One could 
not go because he had a dependent family ; another had a 
sick child ; another was ill himself. My ante-room was full 
of frantic mothers, asking me to secure exemption for their 
sons, and of wives who sought special treatment for their 
husbands. They made all kinds of impossible suggestions : 
I should resign my ambassadorship as a jirotest ; I should 
even threaten Turkey with war by the United States ! They 
constantly besieged my wife, who spent hours listening to 
their stories and comforting them. In all this exciting mass 
there were many who faced the situation with more courage. 
The day after my talk with Enver, Bedri, the Prefect of 
Police, began to arrest some of the victims. 
The next morning one of my callers made what would 
ordinarily have seemed to be an obvious suggestion. This 
visitor was a German. He told me that Germany would 
suffer greatly in reputation if the Turks carried out this 
plan ; the world would not possibly be convinced that 
Germans had not devised the whole scheme. He said that 
I should call upon the German and Austrian Ambassadors ; 
he was sure that they would support me in my pleas for 
decent treatment. As I had made appeals to Wangenheim 
several times before on behalf of foreigners without success, 
I had hardly thought it worth while to ask his co-operation 
in this instance. Moreover, the plan of using non-com- 
batants as a protective screen in warfare was such a familiar 
German device that I was not at all sure that the German 
Staff had not instigated the Turks. I decided, however. 
to adopt the advice of my German visitor and seek Wangen- 
heim's assistance. 
I tailed upon him in the evening at ten o'clock, and stayed 
with him until eleven. I spent the larger part of this hour 
in a fruitless attempt to interest him in the plight of these 
non-combatants. Wangenheim said point blank that he 
would not assist me. "It is perfectly proper," he main- 
tained, "for the Turks to establish a concentration camp at 
Gallipoli: It is also proper for them to put non-combatant 
English and French on their transports and thus ensure 
them against attack." As I made repeated attempts to 
argue the matter, Wangenheim would deftly shift the con- 
versation to other topics. 
"This act of the Turks will greatly injure Germany" — 
I would begin. 
" Do you know that the English soldiers at Gaba Tepe are 
without food and drink?" he. would reply. "They made 
an attack to capture a well, and were repulsed. The English 
have taken their ships away so as to prevent their soldiers 
from retreating " 
"But about this Gallipoli business," I interrupted. "Ger- 
mans themselves here in Constantinople have said that 
Germany should stop it " 
" The Allies landed 45,000 men on the peninsula," Wangen- 
heim answered, "and of these 10,000 were killed. In a few 
days we shall attack the rest and destroy them." 
When I attempted to approach the subject from another 
angle, this master diplomatist would begin discussing 
Rumania and the possibility of obtaining ammunition by 
way' of that country. 
"Your Secretary Bryan," he said, "has just issued a 
statement showing that it would be unneutral for the United 
States to refuse to sell ammunition to the Allies. So we 
have used this same argument with the Rumanians ; if it 
is unneutral not to sell ammunition, it is certainly unneutral 
to refuse to transport it 1 " 
The humorous aspects of this argument appealed to 
Wangenheim, but 1 reminded him that I was there to discuss 
the lives of between 2,000 and 3,000 non-combatants. As 
I touched upon this subject again, Wangenheim replied that 
the United States would not be acceptable to Germany as 
a peacemaker now, bedause we were so friendly to the Entente. 
He insisted on giving me all the details of recent German 
successes in the Carpathians and the latest news on the 
Italian situation. 
' We would rather fight Italy than have her for our ally," 
he said. 
{To be continued) 
