VOSS ET AL.: BOLIVIAN MARMOSOPS 
2004 
10 
1 95 
1 
1 
13 | °6 
96 
6 
4 82 
76 
2 
{ 
Fige. dul, 
23 
impavidus 
ocellatus 
creightoni 
noctivagus (Brazil) 
noctivagus (Peru) 
noctivagus (Bolivia) 
bishopi 
parvidens 
incanus 
paulensis 
neblina 
The unique minimum-length tree recovered by a branch-and-bound parsimony analysis of 
cytochrome-b nucleotide sequences representing 11 ingroup haplotypes from 9 Marmosops species and 
1 outgroup haplotype from Gracilinanus microtarsus (used to root the tree, not shown). Bremer support 
and bootstrap values (>50%) are provided above and below each branch, respectively. The bootstrap 
values were obtained from branch-and-bound analyses of 1000 pseudoreplicated datasets. Tree length 
(including autapomorphies) = 689 steps, consistency index (excluding autapomorphies) = 0.48, retention 
index = 0.44. 
of Pacheco, 2003) were trapped in the cloud 
forest; Oryzomys levipes was trapped in near- 
by secondary growth. Additional species of 
small mammals subsequently trapped near 
Cuticucho by other researchers include Gra- 
cilinanus aceramarcae (see Salazar-Bravo et 
al., 2002), Akodon cf. boliviensis, and an un- 
described form of Oligoryzomys (“‘sp. B”’ of 
the flavescens group; Carleton and Musser, 
1989). 
Farther down the valley G.K. Creighton 
described his camp at a locality he called 
““Cement Mine”’ (not identifiable on our to- 
pographic maps), with a recorded elevation 
of 2000 m, as being much warmer than at 
Cuticucho and with taller forest. However, 
Much of the forest has been cut or burned at one time 
or another in the past 30 years, hence most ... is 
2nd growth except in the higher valleys intersecting 
this one at more or less right angles. Lichens & moss 
on trees are solid in places but not as “‘lush”’ as near 
Cuticucho. There are more broadleaf trees and “‘pa- 
paya-like” trees here. Also large (~10 m) tree ferns. 
Bamboo undergrowth is extensive and very dense 
near artificial clearings. Little undergrowth beneath 
the bamboo except for a few ferns. [6 October 1979] 
The first four nights of trapping (5—8 Octo- 
ber) at this site yielded only rodents (the 
same species as those found in the cloud for- 
est near Cuticucho plus Microryzomys minu- 
tus and Thomasomys cf. oreas), but two 
specimens of Marmosops creightoni were 
taken on 9 October and another on 10 Oc- 
tober. Creighton’s notes for these dates indi- 
cate that the marsupials were trapped in “‘hu- 
mid, dark, mossy forest’? on horizontal 
branches near large trees ‘“‘covered with 
moss, ferns, bromeliads & vines’’. Appar- 
ently, they were “‘not caught coming to the 
bait but, rather, blundering into the traps as 
they tiptoe along their accustomed routes.”’ 
The area where all three Marmosops were 
trapped included ‘“‘about the only places 
where high, undisturbed natural forest is ac- 
cessible enough to set a trapline’’, the only 
other primary forest being restricted to very 
steep slopes above the cultivated valley floor. 
