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ALFALFA 
ARTICHOKES, 
Jerusalem 
BENT GRASSES— 
FIELD AND GRASS SEED INFORMATION 
This information is made possible through the courte 
Lilly Co., Seattle, Washington, 
Botanical Name 

Medicago sativa 
Principal Uses 

Seed, Hay, Pasture 
Average 
Height 
Inches 

20 to 30 

Helianthus tuberosus 
Winter succulence 
72 to 96 

Soil Adaptations 
Life 
sy of Joe Bohl, Manager, The Chas. H. 
who has spent much time in its gathering and assembly, 

General Information 

Fertile, deep, well 
drained loam 
Fertile bottom lands 
Long-lived perennial 
Best if seeded without nurse crop. Needs firm, fine seedbed. 
Cut for hay when \% to % in bloom. Keep free of weeds. 

Annual 
Plant during April or early May, 5 inches deep in rows 36 
to 42 inches apart, with plants 18 to 24 inches apart. 



ASTORIA 
Agrostis tenuis, 
Astoriana 
Seed, Lawn, Pasture 
16 to 24 

DOMESTIC Mixed 
Agrostis spp. 
Lawn, Pasture 
16 to 20 

HIGHLAND 
Agrostis tenuis, 
Oregonensis 
Seed, Lawn, Pasture 
10 to 18 

~ COLONIAL 
(Rhode Island) 
Agrostis tenuis 
Lawn, Pasture 
16 to 24 

SEASIDE 
Agrostis maritima 
Seed, Lawn, Pasture 
12 to 20 

BLUEGRASSES— 
BULBOUS 


Poa bulbosa 
Winter Pasture, 
Hay, Seed 

CANADA 
Poa compressa 
Pasture 


KENTUCKY 
~ SHADY (Wood 
Meadow Grass) 
Poa pratensis 
Seed, Lawn, Pasture 

Poa nemoralis 
Shady Lawns, 
Shady Pasture 

~ SHADY (Rough- 
Stalked Meadow) 




Poa trivialis 
Shady Lawns, 
Shady Pasture 








Avena byzantine, Red 
EROMEGRASS, Bromus inermis Hay, Pasture 
BUCKWHEAT Fagopyram. esculentum Good ree i 
CEREALS— 
BARLEY, Winter | Hordeum distichon, 2 row |Seed. Hay 
BARLEY, Spring _ | Hordeum distichon, 2 row (Seed, Hay 
OATS, Winter Avena sativa Seed, Hay 
OATS, Spring PSAST UNE Seed, Hay 

RYE, Winter 

RYE, Spring 

WHEAT, Winter 
Secale cereale 
Seed, Hay, Pasture 

Secale cereale 
Seed, Hay, Pasture 

Triticum vulgare, common 
Triticum compactum, club 
Seed, Hay 

WHEAT, Spring 
Triticum vulgare. common 
Triticum compactum, club|Seed, Hay 




CHEAT OR CHESS _|Bromus secalinus Seed, Hay 
CLOVERS— 
_ALSIKE Trifolium hybridum Seed, Hay 

LADINO 
Trifolium repens latum 
Seed, Pasture 

WHITE 
Trifolium repens 

RED 
Trifolium pratense 


MAMMOTH RED 
Trifolium pratense 

SWEET, Yellow 
Melilotus officinalis 

SWEET, White 

CRIMSON 
Melilotus alba 
Trifolium incarnatum 

STRAWBERRY 

CORN, Field 
CRESTED DOGS- 
TAIL 
CRESTED WHEAT- 
GRASS 
FESCUES— 
CHEWING’S 



CREEPING RED 

MEADOW 
TALL 


FLAX, Fiber 

FLAX, Seed 

KALE, 1000 Headed 

MILLETS— 
Trifolium fragiferum 
Zea mays 

Cynosurus cristatus 
Agropyron cristatum 

Festuca rubra fallax 

Festuca rubra 

Festuca elatior pratensis 
Festuca elatior 
Linum usitatissimum 
Linum usitatissimum 
Brassica oleracea acephala 
MEADOW FOXTAIL |Alopecurus pratensis 


FOXTAIL 
Chaetochloa italica 

Seed, Pasture 
Seed, Hay, Pasture 
Hay, Pasture 
Hay, Pasture, 
Green Manure 
Seed, Pasture, Hay, 
Green Manure 

Seed. Green Manure 
Alkali Pastures 
Silage, Grain, 
Green Feed 
Pasture 
Seed, Pasture 
Seed, Lawn, Pasture 
Lawn, Pasture 
Hay, Pasture 
Seed, Hay,, Pasture 
Fiber 
Seed 
Winter succulence 
Seed Pasture 

8 to 16 
12 to 20 
18 to 30 
18 to 24 
18 to 24 
20 to 30 
24 to 36 
30 to 40 
30 to 40 
30 to 60 
30 to 60 
36 to 72 
36 to 60 
36 to 60 
36 to 60 
24 to 48 
18 to 30 
10 to 14 
“4to 8 
20 to 28 
24 1048 
24 to 48 
48 to 84 
24 to 48 
4to 8 
72 to 96 
10 to 18 
16 to 30 
12 to 20 
8 to 16 
24 to 36 
24 to 40 
24 to 36 
18 to 30 
20 to 30 
15 to 30 

Hay, Seed 

_ JAPANESE 

Echinochloa frumentacea 

_ PROSO or HOG 

ORCHARD GRASS 
PEAS, FIELD— 

~ SPRING, Canada 

¥ MARROWFAT 
Panicum miliaceum 
Dactylis glomerata 
(el 
_ WINTER, Austrian [Pisum arvense 
Pisum arvense 
Pisum arvense 
Pasture, Green Feed 
Seed, Green Feed 
Seed, Hay, Pasture 
Seed, Hay, Silage 
Seed, Hay, Pasture, 
Silage 
Seed, Hay, Pasture, 
Silage 
18 to 24 
30 to 48 
18 to 36 
30 to 42 

Moist, fertile, heavy soils 

Moist, fertile, heavy soils 

Long-lived perennial 
More versatile than Seaside Bent. Thrives better on uplands, 
but must have firm soil and abundant moisture. 


Long-lived perennial 

Widely adapted 

Moist, heavy, slightly 
acid soils 

Moist bottom lands, 
slightly acid 

Long-lived perennial 

Long-lived perennial 

Best of the Bents for farm use. Adapted to varied soil con- 
ditions and cheapest in price. 
Grows well on poor, thin soil. Withstands long periods of 
water submersion and drought. 
Does not spread by rootstalks like other Bents. Good in 
mixtures—makes early and late growth. 




Long-lived perennial| Adapted to pasture mixtures on moist, slightly acid lands. 


Fertile, well-drained 
lands 

Widely adapted 
Suffers greatly from drought. 


Grows during winter and early spring. Dormant in summer. 
Grows well with Alfalfa; used mostly on shallow rocky soil. 

Long-lived perennial Withstands drought, cold and close grazing. Thrives at high 

Fertile, moist soils of 
low acidity 
altitudes and on poor soils. Makes dense low growth. 

Long-lived perennial|VeTy nutritious. Relished by all livestock. Improves with 

Fertile, moist, shaded 
soils 
age on suitable soils. 

Long-lived perennial|0es not endure intense sunshine and drought . Thrives best 

Fertile, moist, shaded 
soils 
on shaded or semi-shaded lands. 

Long-lived perennial|Does not endure intense sunshine and drought. Thrives best 

Deep clay or clay loam 
on shaded lands that are moist and fertile. 

Long-lived perennial|Adapted to regions of light rainfall. Roots penetrate 5 to 6 

Wide adaptation 
Annual 


Loams and clays 
Winter Annual 

Loams and clays 
Annual 

Moist clay loams 
Winter Annual 

Moist clay loams 
Annual 

Moderate drainage, wide 
adaptation 
Winter Annual 

Moderate drainage, wide 
adaptation 
Annual 

Bench and bottom lands 
Winter Annual 

Bench and bottom lands 
Annual 

Poor lowlands, waste 
places 
Winter Annual 


Fertile, acid lowlands 

Moist, fertile soils 
Moist, fertile soils 

Well drained, fertile 
soils 

Fertile uplands, mod- 
erately moist 

feet. Not adapted to coast region. 
Good green manure crop. Sometimes used as smother crop 
for weeds. Good catch crop and bee pasture. 



Grown mainly as a grain crop. Used for feed and malting. 
Best nurse crop for starting red clover. 
Grown mainly as a grain crop. Used for feed and malting. 
The beardless varieties make good hay. 
Grown for grain and companion crop for vining legumes. 
Good yielder for forage and grain. 



Grown for grain, forage and companion crop. Good yielder. 

Best grain and forage crop for light dry soils. Lodges badly 
on fertile moist soils. ¢ 
Best grain and forage crop for light dry soils. Lodges badly 
on fertile moist soils. 
Standard grain crop for fertile lands. Used as a hay crop 
in some areas, but most profitable as a grain crop. 
Standard grain crop for fertile lands. Used as a hay crop in 
some areas, but most profitable as a grain crop. 
Makes good horse hay on wet acid soils. Sometimes smuts 
badly. 







Short-lived perennial|Thrives best where cool and moist. Endures poor drainage. 
Medium long-lived on suitable soil. 

Short-lived perennial|Shallow rooted. Requires abundant moisture and fertility in 
surface soil. Very close grazing is injurious. 

Short-lived perennial|A good pasture plant, especially in mixtures. Long season 
and long-lived on fertile, moist soil. 

Short-lived perennial| Widely grown legume for forage and seed. Adapted to short 
Biennial 

Light to medium soils 
of low acidity 


Light to medium soils 
of low acidity 
Biennial 
Biennial 

Well drained, fertile 
soils 
Biennial 

Moist alkali soils 
rotations. Requires an abundance of lime. 
Two weeks later than medium red clover. Produces but one 
crop. Heavy yielder of coarse forage. 
Better adapted to pasture than white blossom sweet Clover. 
Does not thrive on acid soils. 
Firm seed bed required. Quite tolerant of Alkali. More 
drought resistant than alfalfa. 
A good soil improver. Seed shatters easily and careful har- 
vesting is necessary. Makes good summer pasture. 





Long-lived perennial| Most alkali tolerant of alllegumes. Makes creeping growth. 

Fertile loams or clays; 
well drained 
Annual 

Cool, moist, fertile 
soils 
Adapted only where moisture is abundant. 
Successful only as cultivated crop. Good silage. Early ma- 
turing varieties for Pacific Northwest. 


Long-lived perennial| Unimportant as a general farm grass. Adapted to shady 

Dry lands 
places. Used some in shady lawns. 

Long-lived perennial|Excellent dry land grass for arid regions. A heavy seed 


Well drained, fertile 
benches 
producer. 


Long-lived perennial] Very fine leaved, makes dense bottom growth—good lawn 

Well drained, fertile 
benches 
grass. Quite drought resistant. 

Long-lived perennial] Adapted to lawn and pasture use on shady, moist soils of 

Moist meadowlands 
abundant fertility. 

Short-lived perennial|Starts in early spring and persists until late fall. Cold re- 

Wide soil adaptation 
Long-lived perennial 




Fertile clay loams Annual 
Fertile clay loams Annual 
Fertile loams Biennial 


Low, poorly drained 
lands 
Long-lived perennial 




Warm, fertile loams Annual 
Loams and shot clays 
in coastal areas Annual 
Warm loam soils Annual 
sistant. 
Grows from early spring to late fall. Particularly good for 
summer pasture. 
Requires clean Jand—its sparse leaf growth does not check 
weeds. Grown for fiber and seed. 



Requires clean, weed-free land. Grown for seed only. 

Start plants in seed bed. Transplant in early June. Ready 
for feeding after August 15th. Winter hardy. 
Excellent pasture on periodically submerged lands. Seed 
hand stripped—ripens unevenly and shatters readily. 



Best Millet for hay. Matures in 75 to 90 days. Best if cut 
before seed matures. Plant when soilis warm. 
Especially adapted to the coastal fog belt. Yields large ton- 
nage of green feed. Difficult to cure for hay. a 
Seed when soilis warm. Rapid grower—matures in 70 to 90 
days. Yields heavy seed crop. 



Well drained soils 


36 to 54 
24 to 48 
30 to 48 
Clay loams and 
bottom lands 
Long-lived perennial 
Grows well in shade. Early spring grower. Requires good 
drainage. Withstands dry summers. 


Winter Annual 

Best adapted for fall planting. Grown chiefly as a seed crop 
for shipment to the South. 

Well drained clay and 
loam soil 
Clay and loams 

Annual 
Annual or 
Winter Annual 

Suited to many heavy soils which are well supplied with 
moisture. A good cash crop. 

Should be planted during the fall or winter on heavier soils 
having good drainage. 

203 
