
Vegetable Cultural Directions 
ASPARAGUS. Sow in April in rows 1 foot apart, in 
well manured, sandy loam. When the plants are 
one or two years old, put them into beds 3 to 4 feet 
apart, from 1% to 2 feet between the plants in the 
row. Cover with 2 or 3 inches of soil. A dressing of 
salt, 8 ounces to the square yard is recommended 
every spring Cut off tops in September, and on the 
approach of winter, cover with manure or straw. 
STRING BEANS (Green and Wax). Sow early in 
May and for succession, 2 weeks until late August. 
Plant Beans 2 inches deep and 2 inches apart in the 
row, the rows about 2 feet apart; hoe frequently to 
the time of blossoming, but only when vines are 
dry, alwavs drawing the soil toward the rows. 
BUSH LIMA BEANS. When frost danger is over and 
soil has become warm, sow Beans in rich, light 
loam in rows 2 feet apart, 3 to 4 inches apart in the 
rows, cover to depth of 1 in., eyes down. Hoe often. 
POLE LIMA BEANS. Pole Beans, especially Limas, 
are very sensitive to cold and wet, and if planted in 
cold or soggy soil will rot. Set the poles 4 feet 
apart each way and, when danger of frost is past, 
plant four or five Beans around each pole 1 inch 
deep, eyes down. When the young plants come up, 
thin to three to the pole; hoe and cultivate freely. 
Top-dress with good fertilizer. 
POLE STRING OR SHELL BEANS. After settled 
warm weather, set poles 6 to 8 feet long in rows 4 
feet apart extending north and south, poles be- 
ing 3 feet apart in the row. Let the poles slant 
slightly toward the north. Around each pole plant 
five to eight Beans 1% to 2 inches deep. When well 
started thin to four plants. 
BEETS AND SWISS CHARD. Sow in spring, when 
the apple is in bloom about 1 inch deep in rows 1 
foot apart. When plants have made three or four 
leaves, thin to 6 inches apart. Cultivate thoroughly. 
For succession, sow every two weeks until Aug. 10. 
BROCCOLI AND CAULIFLOWER. Sow in hotbeds 
early in March; when plants are sufficiently large, 
transplant to coldframes and harden by gradual 
exposure. Set out in the open ground as soon as 
the weather will permit, in rows 3 feet apart and 2 
feet apart in rows. Give young plants a good water- 
ing, when set out, with a 100-to-1 solution of 
Nitrate of Soda, and again ten days or two weeks 
later. Cauliflower must be keep growing without 
check and must be watered copiously. 
BRUSSELS SPROUTS, COLLARDS AND CABBAGE, 
For early crop sow in hotbeds in February or March 
% in. deep and prick out into coldframes to harden. 
When danger of frost is over plant in the open in 
rows 2% feet apart and 2 feet apart in the row. For 
second early crop sow in April and for late crop in 
June Sow Chinese Cabbage in August—not before. 
CARROT. For early crops sow % inch deep soon as 
the ground can be worked and for general crop in 
May. For succession sow at intervals to July. Rows 
16 to 18 inches apart. Cover seed lightly and firm 
well in the soil. When plants are large enough to 
handle, thin to 3 or 4 inches apart in row. Hoe often. 
CHICORY. Sow early in spring, in rows about 2 
feet apart, in light, rich soil. When plants are large 
enough thin out to 6 inches apart. 
CORN SALAD. Sow in rows 1 foot apart in early 
spring and in August, September and October. If 
sown in October the plants require protection. 
CELERY. Sow early in snring in well prepared soil, 
in rows covering seed about four times its size and 
firming well into the soil with a board. See that 
soil is kept moist till seeds germinate. In July, set 
the plants 6 inches apart in rows 8 to 4 feet apart. 
Draw the earth up to them as they grow, but be 
careful not to allow any to get into the hearts. 
SWEET CORN. As soon as the soil is warm, plant 
about 2 inches deep in hills 3 to 4 feet apart each 
way, about six seeds to the hill in well drained soil. 
When the plants come up, thin out and allow the 
strongest three to remain. Hoe often. For succes- 
sion, plant every ten days to end of July. 
CUCUMBER. Sow in May in hills 4 feet apart each 
way. Put in ten seeds to the hi-. and cover about 1 
inch deep. When plants have 4 leaves thin out and 
leave strongest 4. For succession plant up to July. 
CRESS. Sow in spring. as soon as the ground can 
be worked, in shallow drills about 1 foot apart, 
covering the seed lightly. When the young plants 
are well up, thin to 4 inches apart in tre row. For 
succession sow every ten days. 
DANDELION AND ENDIVE. For early use, sow in 
April for late use in June or July. Sow in drills 
covering lightly. When plants are about 3 inches 
high thin to 1 foot apart in the rows; cultivate 
wei, and when nearly fui: grown, and when plants 
are dry, blanch by tying the leaves together. 
EGGPLANT AND PEPPER. Sow seeds in hotbed or 
greenhouse early in March. Put young plants into 
2%-inch pots. In May or June take out of the pots 
and plant in the open ground, in rich soil, in rows 
3 feet apart and 2 to 3 feet apart in row. Hoe fre- 
quently and mulch during warm weather Use a 
commercial fertilizer strong in potash. 
KOHLRABI, Prepare the ground as for cabbage. 
Sow early in May, and for succession up to July, in 
rows 1¥% ft. apart. Thin out the plants to 12 inches 
in the row To preserve over winter treat as turnips. 
KALE. Sow in April or May, and for winter use in 
August or September, and cultivate the same as 
cabbage. Cover seed % inch. 
LEEK, Sow early in April and mid-summer, in rows 
1 inch deep, 1 foot apart, and thin 4 to 6 inches in 
the rows; cultivate often. Draw earth up to them 
as they grow to insure white and tender Leeks. 
LETTUCE. For Spring outdoor crop sow early in 
March about % inch deep, in boxes or hotbeds. 
Transplant into flats or coldframes to harden off. 
As soon as ‘the ground can be worked, set out in 
rows, 1 foot apart, allowing from 8 to 12 inches 
between plants; cultivate frequently. For succes- 
sion sow in the open ground every two weeks, from 
April to August. Soil well enriched is necessary, as 
lettuce must be grown without check. Use a 100 to 
1 solution Nitrate of Soda, occasionally. 
MUSK MELON AND WATER MELON. Early in 
May, when the ground is warm and dry, make hills 
4 to 5 feet apart each way and sow 8 to 10 seeds in 
a hill, covering about 1 inch. When the fourth leaf 
appears, thin to 3 or 4 plants in a hill. Cultivate 
frequently. Spray early and often with bordeaux or 
arsenate of lead. Hills for W. Melon 8 feet apart. 
ONION. Sow % inch deep early in the spring. When 
young plants come up, thin to 2 inches apart in the 
row. Hoe and cultivate often, but avoid too deep 
cultivation and be eareful not to draw the soil 
around the growing bulbs. For large onions, sow 
seed in coldframes in February and transplant to 
open ground. For early green onions, sow seed of 
Silverskin in Aug. and protect plants during winter. 
OKRA. Sow seed as soon as ground is warm, in 
drills 3 feet apart and 1 inch deep. When the plants 
come up, thin to about 1% feet apart in the drills 
Requires rich, moist soil and frequent cultivation. 
OYSTER PLANT (Salsify). Sow early in spring, in 
rows 15 inches apart and 1 inch deep; thin out to 6 
inches apart in the rows; cultivate same as carrots. 
PARSLEY. Sow early in April in rows 1 foot apart 
and % inch deep, and for a succession up to au- 
tumn. When plants come up, thin to 4 to 6 inches 
apart in the row. In dry weater water plentifully. 
PARSNIP. Sow in spring % inch deep in good, deep 
soil, as soon as the ground can be worked; make 
rows 18 inches apart. When the plants are well up, 
thin to 6 inches apart in the rows. Roll after sowing. 
PEAS. Peas require warm, light soil, well fertilized 
and slightly acid. Soon as ground can be worked, 
open rows 8 or 4 inches deep, 2 to 3 feet apart, into 
which drop the Peas and cover them. Cultivafe 
same as beans. Smooth varieties are best for early 
planting. The wrinkled kinds are more tender, and 
should be sown later. 
PUMPKIN. Sow early in May; make hills 8 to 10 
feet apart each way; 4 to 6 seeds in the hill. When 
plants come up thin to two or three. Pumpkin seed 
can be sown with corn in every fourth hill. Culti- 
vate frequently and keep the soil rich. 
RADISH. Sow as early in spring as the ground can 
be worked 1 inch deep, in rows 1 foot apart. Sow to 
avoid thinning. For succession sow every two 
weeks. Sow winter varieties in July and August. 
Succeed best in soil slightly acid. 
RHUBARB. Requires very rich soil. Bovung is ex- 
cellent. Roots may be planted in spring or fall and 
should be set at least 3 feet apart. Cover crowns 
with 2 inches of soil. 
SQUASH. Sow in hills, when the apple is in bloom, 
about 4 feet apart each way for the summer sorts, 
and 8 to 12 feet for the winter varieties, eight to 
ten seeds to the hill. When the plants come up and 
when danger of loss by insects is past, thin to three 
or four plants to the hill. 
SPINACH AND MUSTARD. For spring and summer 
use, sow in April in rows 1 foot apart, and 1 inch 
deep, and for succession sow every two weeks up 
to August. For winter use, sow in September and 
cover with straw or other protection on the ap- 
proach of cold weather. Y%inch deep. 
SORREL. Sow seed in any good garden soil, in 
shallow drills a foot apart. Thin plants to 6 to 8 
inches apart and remove seed stalks as soon as 
they appear; cut about 2 months after planting. 
TOMATO. Sow in hotbeds or under glass in March 
or April, and when the young plants have made 
three or four leaves, transplant into shallow boxes 
or coldframes, setting them 4 to 5 inches apart. 
When danger of frost is over, set out in the open. 
Seed can also be sown in the open ground. 
TURNIP AND RUTABAGA. Sow seed in the open 
ground in April, % inch deep, in rows a foot apart, 
and thin to 4 to 6 inches in the rows. Be sure to 
have the soil rich and freshly stirred. Thin early 
and keep free from weeds. For fall and winter use, 
sow in July, August and September. 
Sow Rutabagas thinly in July in rows 2 feet 
apart. Cover firmly with % inch of soil. Thin to stand 
6 inches apart in the row. Cultivate constantly. 

Wis OI Nas = SE, EsD:S 
27 
MONTCLAIR, N. J. 
