37 
from the seeds of the Kohia (Passiflora tetrandra). A gum-resin, used to 
perfume their oil, was obtained from the Kohuhu, and the Tarata, (Pit- 
tosporum tenuifolium, and P. eugenioides), and also from the Taramea, 
(Aciphylla Colensoi), which last was very highly prized. The strong 
smelling ferns, Zymenophyllum villosum, Doodia media, and Polypodium 
pustulatum, were also used for the same purpose of perfuming, and for 
scenting oil; and so were a few fragrant Mosses, and Hepatice, called 
Kopura,—especially Lophocolea Nove-Zelanilie, and allodonta. The 
aromatic leaves of the Raukawa, a very scarce small tree, sparsely 
growing in the high dense forests, (Panax Edgerleyi), were also sought 
for a similar purpose ; particularly to rub their limbs and bodies. The 
daisy like flowers of the Roniu (Brachycome odorata,) and the flowering 
tops of the sweet-scented grass Karetu (/Zterochloe redolens), were worn 
around the neck, enclosed in fibrous leaves, as a scented necklace. 
Elegant female head-dresses were formed of flowering wreaths of various 
species of Clematis, (particularly hexasepala and Colensoi), and of 
the graceful Waewaekoukou (Lycopodium volubile). Sometimes 
the snow-white downy fibres from the under side of the leaves 
of the Kowharawhara, and the Kahakaha, (Astelia Cunninghamii, 
and Solandri,) and the thin transparent epidermis from the leaves 
of the mountain Tikumu (Celmisia coriacea), were also used by 
females to ornament the hair and head. ‘The fresh eum-resin from 
the Kauri (Dammara australis) was commonly chewed as a masti- 
catory (h.), so also was that obtained from the Tawhiwhi, or Kohuhu, 
(Pittosporum tenuifolium,) mixed with the inspissated juice of the Puwha, 
or Sow-thistle, (Sonchus oleraceus,) ingeniously collected. Combs were 
made of Mapara and Kapara, the hard dark woody tissue, or heart wood 
of Rimu, (Daerydium cupressinum,) which was assiduously sought for 
in the forest among oid prostrate rotting Rimu trees; they were also 
carved out of Mataii and Manuka woods. ‘I'he spines of the Tumata- 
kuru, or New Zealand Thorn, (Discaria Towmatou,) were sometime used 
for tattooing, though instruments of bone were preferred ; the black pig- 
ment for the same operation being obtained from the soot of old and 
hard Kapia, or Kauri resin, dug out of the earth; and also from the 
ashes of the curious vegeto-caterpillar fungus, the Hawhato (Cordiceps 
Roberts), which was sometimes mixed with the black juice of the 
Mahoe berry (elicytus ramiflorus), Flutes were made of the woody 
stems of the Kohoho or Poroporo, (Solanum aviculare), and of the 
Tupakihi or Tutu (Coriaria ruscifoliia). Ornamental boxes for holding 
