don. In the wild wood and down in the length and 
breadth of the grass lands, sounds are sprites and 
imagination is a phantom thing. 
When silence holds the fields and oak woods in 
drowsy stillness, a feeling of loneliness pervades 
one and a subtle chilliness invades the body. Let 
there come but the trill of a bird, the fluting of 
frogs, the fiddling of locusts, the tinkle-tonk-tonk 
of waters talking endlessly, the sudden sob of 
winds rising out of the valley, and the landscape 
seems to smile in content and fellowship. The 
world is friendly again. 
Even the sharp staccato of woodpeckers on a 
dead spruce or the forlorn screams of nighthawks 
twanging across the early night skies have much 
that appeals to the ear. The abrupt guttural 
“chuck” of blackbirds has a brooky sound, and 
heard far from water it sends instantly the 
thoughts to meadow streams. So deep do these 
songs of the brook penetrate, man hears them far 
from the stream of his adventure and quiet angling, 
even in his dreams. No man-made melody can do 
as much. 
PAUL J. RAINEY MEMORIAL 
REGION of approximately 26,000 acres of 
marsh lands situated in Vermillion Parish, 
Louisiana, has been given to the National 
Association of Audubon Societies as a bird sanctu- 
ary, according to an announcement made by Dr. 
T. Gilbert Pearson, President of the Association. 
“This magnificent contribution to the cause of 
wild life conservation has been made by Mrs. Grace 
Rogers, sister of the late Paul J. Rainey, world- 
renowned hunter, photographer and _ explorer. 
The territory covers two-thirds of the former 
Rainey-Mcllhenny shooting preserve,” said Dr. 
Pearson, ‘“‘and constitutes the very heart of that 
famous winter gathering place for wild fowl on 
the western coast of Louisiana.” 
It is bounded on the east by the State Wild Life 
Refuge and on the west by the hunting marshes of 
Edward A. MclIlhenny. 
The territory will not only be carefully guarded 
against all hunters but every effort will be made 
to render the place attractive to wild fowl, which 
especially in winter frequent the region in such 
vast numbers. 
Arrangements are being made for the immedi- 
ate planting of duck foods in large quantities. 
“And the ducks once attracted here will never be 
frightened away by the roar of guns,” added Dr. 
Pearson. 
It is understood that not only has Mrs. Rogers 
presented these famous shooting grounds to the 
National Association of Audubon Societies for the 
purpose of establishing a Paul J. Rainey Wild Life 
Sanctuary, but she has also given the Association 
sufficient funds to develop and maintain the ter- 
ritory in perpetuity as a haven for wild bird life. 
FISH LIVE AFTER HEARTS STOP 
DEAD fish sometimes isn’t dead. That is a 
A conclusion derived from experiments con- 
ducted at the Atlantic Biological Station 
by Dr. S. W. Britton, on the degree of heat or cold 
a fish can withstand. They may be chilled to the 
Page 473 
extent that their hearts stop beating and the whole 
body becomes stiff and numb, and then if the tem- 
perature be raised, they are soon up and frisking 
about their business. 
The experiments were performed on flounder, 
eel, cod, skate, etc., which were living normally in 
a tank of water having a temperature of about 65 
degrees Fahrenheit. From this they were trans- 
ferred to cooling or warming tanks, the tempera- 
ture of the water being gradually lowered or raised. 
In the cooling tank the water began to freeze at 
about 29 degrees. In this the fish could survive 
for a short time. Regardless of whether the cool- 
ing was slow or sudden, they gradually stiffen. 
The heart was the last organ to succumb. They 
were kept in the water in this condition for from 
one to several hours, and resuscitated by raising 
the temperature. 
The opposite extreme was 80 degrees Fahren- 
heit. With the gradual increase of temperature 
the fish showed restlessness and excitability. At 
75 degrees respiration became difficult, but if the 
adjustment took place the fish got along quite com- 
fortably after a while. When increased, however, 
respiration ceased and the heart stopped beating. 
The fish could be revived by lowering the temper- 
ature of the water or transferring them to a cooler 
tank. 
SHOSHONE CAVERN NATIONAL 
MONUMENT 
HE entrance to Shoshone Cavern, high up 
T near the summit of Cedar Mountain, over- 
looking the Shoshone River and the Cody en- 
trance road to Yellowstone National Park, is very 
picturesque. It is the sort of cave opening that 
one reads about in story books, being located 
among rugged cliffs, with pine trees scattered here 
and there among the rocks. The entrance is about 
20 feet wide and 6 feet high, and is in a limestone 
conglomerate. 
The main cavern follows a fairly straight course, 
as though located in a large vault in the rock and 
extends into the mountain about 2,500 feet. There 
are a few side passages, but ali are believed to be 
short, although as yet these have not been fully 
explored. Entering the cavern one soon comes to 
two descending ladders, then after following the 
descending floor of the cave, two more ladders 
are reached and finally a fifth ladder. At the foot 
of this ladder the passage turns toward the slope of 
the mountain, but still continues to descend. The 
air is very clear and the ventilation is good through- 
out. 
The walls of the cavern are well covered by in- 
crustations of crystals and dripping formations, 
mostly white, but some are brownish or reddish in 
color. Some of the crystals are sharp and pointed, 
others resemble rock candy, and some of the form- 
ations are curious. The cavern is lacking in large 
stalactites and stalagmites, but is extremely inter- 
esting, as is any large subterranean pessage. The 
rooms of the cave are not of great size, the largest 
is perhaps 40 feet wide, with a low ceiling about 
8 feet high. At other points the openings run up 
to 50 feet or more, but the walls are only a few 
feet apart, 
