© TUTTLES & |What Forest Protection Has 
DEVIL — BU 
2 MOUSE 









°. 
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Deal Direct With the Manufacturers 
When the question of quality 
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Catalog of 160 Pages Sent on Request 
Edward vom Hofe & Company 
91 Fulton Street New York City 


FREE TO FISHERMEN 
A yaluable pocket size booklet (second edition) which 
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THE BASS-HOUN COMPANY 
Stevens Point, Wis. Dept. B 
The Home of WATER-WITCH 



TERMS. 
name. 
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KENNEBEC BOAT 
Dept. H-1 
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MR. SINCLAIR, Dealer in Insects, Dept. 9, Bex 1424, San Diego, Calif. 
238 


Kennebec Canoe 
CATALO Shows 16 models, all 
, sizes, all prices. 
Light, easy to paddle, strong. EASY 
Mention. dealer’s 
& CANOE CO. 
Waterville, Maine 
In writing to Advertisers mention Forest and Stream. 
continued forest production. 
When dense forests abounded 
everywhere and wood was plentiful and 
cheap, the need to protect forests was 
not apparent. In fact, forests were 
regarded by the pioneer as obstacles to 
development. Conditions have com- 
pletely changed since pioneer days. 
Forest destruction has gone so far that 
our:wood reservoir is almost empty and 
thousands of acres of forest land lie 
idle. Forest protection is the first step 
to bring our forest land back to pro- 
duction. Pennsylvania is conducting an 
aggressive campaign against forest 
fires. The results of organized forest 
protection by the Department of Forests 
and Waters are slowly but ‘surely 
changing the timber production ledger 
from heavy losses to substantial gains. 
Some of the main accomplishments 
of the Department in forest production 
are: 
=i F OREST Protection is essential to 
1. A comprehensive forest protection 
plan, based upon ten years’ experience 
in organized forest fire control, has 
been put into effect for the entire State. 
2. A complete organization for the 
protection of forests by fire, not ex- 
celled by any other state, is in opera- 
tion. This organization embraces 
(June 1, 1924) 48 foresters, 63 forest 
rangers, and 3,000 forest fire wardens. 
3. To make the organization function 
effectively, permanent improvements 
have been developed, modern equipment 
installed, and all fire fighting crews 
equipped with first class tools. The pri- 
mary forest fire observation tower sys- 
tem, comprising more than 100 towers, 
is now practically complete. These 
towers, erected at a total cost of $100,- 
000, provided intensive State-wide fire 
detection and reporting. More than 
1,200 miles of roads, constructed at a 
total cost of $300,000, and almost 2,500 
miles of trails, constructed at a cost of 
$60,000, have been built on the State 
Forests to make them accessible for all 
kinds of use. With the construction of 
716 miles of telephone lines at a total 
cost of $92,500 and many other im- 
provements, the forests of the State are 
now given effective protection against 
forest fires. 
4. Twenty-five years ago no organ- 
ized attempt was made to extinguish 
forest fires. At late as 1913 less than 
50 per cent of the forest fires of the 
State were reported, and in 1917 about 
75 per cent. The facilities provided for 
their detection and control were 
meagre. Today 98 per cent of all the 
fires that occur in the State are re- 
ported promptly to forest officers and 
Accomplished in Pennsylvania 
organized fire fighting crews are im- 
mediately dispatched to extinguish 
them. 
5. With full knowledge of the loca- 
tions of the highest fire risk and hazard 
the Department has developed specific 
plans of forest fire combat applicable 
to them. During 1923, two-thirds of 
the total area of forest land burned 
over in Pennsylvania occurred in five 
of the twenty-four forest districts, and 
more than one-third of the total area 
burned over was in one district. In 
these districts of greatest risk and 
hazard the Department has intensified 
its campaign. 
6. In 1923 the Department organiza- 
tion. reported and extinguished 3,539 
fires. If these fires had had the same 
average acreage as those of 1913, a com- 
parable- year seasonally, there. would 
have been burned over 1,458,068 acres 
instead of 375,737 acres. Comparing the 
1923 record of damage with the average 
for the 10-year period previous to 1923, 
a saving of $424,951 is shown. Compar- 
ing damages for 1913 and 1923 on the 
basis of the average damage per acre 
in 1913, the improved Department or- 
ganization effected a saving of $2,000,- 
000 in 1923. 
7. The fire seasons of 1922 and 1923. 
were the severest the Department has 
experienced since its ° organization. 
During these two years a total of 7,174 
fires were reported as against 2,119 
during the two years of 1913 and 1914, 
the two-year period next in severity. 
While there occurred 3% times as many 
fires in 1922 and 1923 as were reported 
in 1913 and 1914, yet the total area 
burned during 1922 and 1923 is almost 
40,000 acres less than that reported in 
1913 and 1914. 
8. The lowest area of forest land 
burned over during any spring period 
since the Department has kept record 
was this spring, when a total of 903 
fires burned 41,747 acres—an average 
of only 46 acres per fire. While the 
spring rains were a great help, this 
fine record was made possible only by 
the efficient fire fighting organizations 
constantly maintained during the sea- 
son. 
9. The forest fire organization stood 
the severe test of the 1922 and 1923 
fire seasons. It will continue to cope 
successfully with the forest fire prob- 
lems of the State if it is properly sup- 
ported. Eternal vigilance and constant 
training must be maintained. 
10. Through organized forest protec- 
tion in Pennsylvania forest growth now 
exceeds the destruction of forest fires. 
It is the first step in rebuilding the for- 
It will identify you. 

