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CHOOS E one 
of these wonderful 
LAKE TRIPS/ 
D. & C. waterway trips are restful, economical, 
pleasant and safe—they represent some of the most 
enjoyable vacations you could desire. Glance at 
the Great Lakes map above and make your vaca- 
tion arrangements now. 
BETWEEN DETROIT and BUFFALO 
—2 new mammoth liners, “Greater Detroit 
and “Greater Buffalo,” largest liners of their 
type in the world. Ly. Detroit 5:30 p. m. and 
Buffalo 6 p. m. daily, Eastern time. Low 
rates—$6 one way, $11.50 round trip. 
BETWEEN DETROIT and CLEVE- 
LAND—the giantliners “City of Detroit III” 
and “City of Cleveland III” Lv. Detroit and 
Cleveland daily 11:30 p. m. Eastern time. 
Fare—$3.60 one way, $6.50 round trip. Day- 
light trips during July and August, Tues. 
Thurs. and Sat. Lv. 10:30 a. m. Eastern time. 
BETWEEN DETROIT, MACKINAC 
ISLAND, ST. IGNACE, and CHICAGO 
—From June 25th to Sept. 7th liners Lv. 
Detroit Tues., Thurs. and Sat. 1:30 p. m. 
Eastern time. Ly. Chicago Mon., Thurs. 
and Sat. 12:30 noon, Central time. 
Schedules subject to change without notice. 




Round Trip Fares including 
BETWEEN PORTS Lower Berths and Meals 







1 person| 2 persons) 3 persons 
Detroit to Mackinac Is.| $33.25* | $ 64 50 $ 93 75 
Detroit to Chicago 68.50** 133.00 193.60 
Chicagoto Mackinacls.| 35.25* 68.50 99.75 

* Upper berths $2 less. **Upper berths $4 less. 
For reservationsmakeapplication toR G Stoddard, 
Gen. Pass. Agt., Detroit, Mich. Parlorsextra Rail 
Tickets accepted on all divisions except Chicago and 
Mackinac Island. Autos carried. Wireless aboard 
all liners. May we send you a beautiful illustrated 
pamphlet upon receipt of 3 cents? 




Detroit & Cleveland 
Navigation Company 
A. A. Schantz, 
Pres & Gen Mgr. 
J.T MeMillan, 
Vice-Pres. 
a LAKE LINES & 
In writing to Advertisers mention Forest and Stream. 
How Young Birds Obtain 
Gravel 
An Interesting Observation on Bird Life 
VERYBODY who 
knows anything 
about our feathered 
friends, from _ the 
great white swan to 
the tiny little wren, 
knows that all of 
them require a cer- 
tain amount of 
gravel or sharp 
sand, to assist in digestion by grind- 
ing their food. I knew this from 
boyhood days by raising ‘youny 
chickens and other barnyard fowls, 
and found the necessity of it lcter on 
in raising incubator chickens. I al- 
ways took it for granted that all 
fowls that had liberty, secured all they 
wanted, in gathering their daily food, 
purely from instinct. I would also 
have known, if I had given the sub- 
ject a moment’s thought, that little 
birds in the nest needed their supply 
of gravel just as much, if not more, 
than the grown ones, because they 
were only babies and more delicate, 
but I never once thought of asking the 
question: How do the young birds in 
the nest get gravel? 
I never thought of that in a life- 
time of forty-five years of experience 
and observation until it was driven 
into my brain by a tiny little wren, 
not larger than my thumb. I learned 
a lesson from that little insignificant 
bunch of feathers when I was fifty- 
seven years old that made me feel 
ashamed that I had never before given 
it a thought. The manner in which 
I saw it, and the evident purpose of 
the mother bird were so peculiar and 
impressive, that I am going to tell you 
all about it. This is what I saw: 
In the year 1914 I lived all alone 
in a five-room house on a farm. There 
was not a cat or a dog on the place. 
Just me and an old gray mule named 
Kate. The spring and early summer 
was very dry, in fact we had a serious 
drought, and all the ponds in the 
woods dried up, even our wells went 
down so low that we were forced to dig 
them deeper and also drive our pumps 
deeper. 

Y own well was one of these and 
I had it dug out about three 
feet deeper. In doing this I brought 
up several barrels of nice white sand 
and it lay in a heap beside the well. 
By H. F. HAWKINS 
The'e was a broken window glass 
near the top of one of the windows 
and a pair of wrens found this open- 
ing and used it as a doorway to my 
house, and went in and out at their 
pleasure. As there were no cats or 
dogs to frighten them, they soon be- 
came quite gentle, and made them- 
selves very much at home. A parti- 
tion wall in the dwelling had an open 
space behind the door cap and in due 
time the pair of wrens built a nest 
Lehind this doorcap, and reared four 
roung wrens. During this dry spell 
one day I saw a red bird trying to 
get a drink of water from a pan that 
was on a shelf on my front porch, 
but he could not reach the water on 
account of the pan being too deep. 
I at once placed a shallow pan there 
with water in it, and it was surpris- 
ing how soon they all found that 
watering place. 
In a few days all the birds nearby 
had it located. One day at noon, after 
I had eaten my dinner, I was sitting 
on the front porch watching the two 
parent wrens feeding their young. 
I saw one of them alight on the water 
shelf at the pan of water, with a worm 
about an inch long in its beak, and 
the wren hopped up on the edge of 
the water pan, stooped over and dipped 
the worm into the water. 
Sie then flew straight to the sand 
heap, dropped the worm onto the 
sand, rolled it over with her beak once 
or twice, picked it up and flew away 
carefully to the nest and dropped it 
into the open mouth of one of the 
little nestlings. I sat there looking 
on in amazement. I had learned a 
lesson from that tiny, little bird. I 
counted myself a very well informed 
man on a great many subjects, but 
here was one entirely new to me. I 
saw at a glance that the little wren 
knew her business far better than I. 
She knew her little ones needed sand. 
She knew that the worm needed to 
be wet to cause the sand to stick fast, 
and she flew very carefully to the 
nest so as not to shake the sand off 
the worm. She was feeding and 
graveling her young at the same time. 
I was much interested in what I had 
seen and took pains to watch carefully 
every time I had an opportunity and 
was rewarded for my watching by 
i 
Tt will identify you. 
