GrorGE Birp GRINNELL 
Cuarves B. Reynotps, Secretary. 
346 Broadway, New York. 
Forest and Stream 
A Weekly Journal. Copyright, 1907, by Forest and Stream Publishing Co. 
, President, 
Louis DEAN Spetr, Treasurer, 
+ 346 Broadway, New York. 
346 Broadway, New York. 





; 
Terms, $3 a Year, 10 Cts. a Copy. t 
i Six Months, $1.50. 
NEW YORK, SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 9g 
VOL. LXIX.—No. 19. 
| No. 346 Broadway, New York. 
E07. 




~ = = 
THE OBJECT OF THIS JOURNAL 
ill be to studiously promote a healthful interest 
| outdoor recreation, and to cultivate a refined 
iste for natural objects. 
—ForeEst AND Stream, Aug. 14, 1873. 

THE MONTANA SMOKE CASE. 
| ATTENTION has often been called to examples 
air pollution by smoke or fumes from fac- 
|ries. The pollution of our streams is much 
jore common, and the ‘public seems to have be- 
ime quite accustomed to drinking foul water, 
jit there are still people who object to breath- 
Ng foul air or to having their vegetation de- 
lroyed by poisonous fumes from factory chim- 
ys. Cases of the destruction of vegetation. in 
ew York city, said to be caused by fumes from 
\ctories in New Jersey, wafted across the Hud- 
n River, trees and cultivated crops ruined by 
isonous fumes from a smelter at Redding, Cal., 
{a damage to crops by arsenic fumes, suffered 
‘ farmers of the Deer Lodge Valley in Mon- 
lla, are among the most familiar examples. 
|The farmers of Deer Lodge Valley, finding that 
2ir crops were being ruined by the fumes from 
2 big Washoe smelter, applied to the court for 
| injunction ordering the Amalgamated Copper 
|mpany to cease its operations. The matter 
ss referred to a master in chancery, Mr. 
iver T. Crane, who has recently reported to 
/: court. What action the court will take, that 
to say, whether it will confirm the findings 
the master in chancery or not, is as yet un- 
own. ; 
[he master’s findings are that some of the 
mers in the Deer Lodge Valley have suffered 
4nage. He finds also, however, that to close 
great ore reduction plant would cause the 
ne farmers greater loss than they now sus- 
a, because if the plant were shut down, the 
rkets in which these farmers sell their pro- 
tts would no longer exist. He points out 
ther that the business of two large cities, 
aconda and Butte, would be ruined if the 
2Iter were closed by injunction as requested 
the farmers, and that this would injure not 
y these cities, but all the surrounding coun- 
and ultimately the State; all of which is en- 
ly, true and incontestible. On the other hand, 
s equally true and incontestible that the pure 
of the mountains is polluted by these fumes, 
that animals and plants subjected to them 
a time are inevitably injured or destroyed. 
t is not to be doubted that if these farmers 
prove damage and loss by reason of the 
Iter fumes, they can recover compensation for 
it loss, but whatever the result of suits for 
1ages, the fundamental question would still 
ain unsettled. 
will be unfortunate if the principles here at 
e cannot be determined. The case has lasted 
mg time and has caused much expense; a 
promise would be unfortunate. 




ENGLAND'S NATIONAL SPORT. 
Wumre the sport of foxhuntMe is growing 
steadily in popularity with the wealthy, leisure 
class in the United States, its sum total therein 
is small indeed when compared to that which 
obtains in Great Britain. In the latter country 
it has held its own during many generations as 
a national institution in the domain of sport. 
Many of the establishments devoted to it are 
maintained at enormous expense. In its higher 
practice, it is exclusively the sport of the wealthy, 
although wealth alone is but one of many factors 
essential to its success. The number of packs 
in the United States, hunted in strict sporting 
form, are about fifteen or twenty, a modest num- 
ber, indeed, considering the unlimited 
tunities which this country affords. 
issue, The Field (London) publishes a list of 
packs, masters, secretaries, whippers-in, etc., 
which shows how thoroughly the sport of hunt- 
ing is followed throughout the kingdom of Great 
Britain. Of packs of staghounds, sixteen couples 
are credited to England and four to Ireland. Of 
these the Devon and Somerset was the largest, 
numbering sixty couples. The smallest pack 
numbered sixteen couples; of foxhound packs, 
England has 170, the largest of which, Lord 
Leconfield’s, has ninety couples. A few packs had 
less than ten couples. Scotland was credited 
with eleven, Ireland with twenty-five, and of 
these the Devon and Somerset were the largest, 
numbering sixty-nine couples; Scotland’s largest 
pack numbered fifty-seven and one-half couples. 
England has ninety-five packs of harriers, of 
which the Hailsham pack numbers forty couples 
and is the largest. Ireland has thirty-seven packs, 
two of which, the Clare and Derry, have twenty- 
five couples, and are the largest. Beagle packs 
are also very popular. England maintains sixty 
of them, Scotland three and Ireland nine. The 
beagle is more the hound of the people, as sport 
with it does not entail the maintenance of a 
large stable of hunters, grooms, huntsmen, etc. 
oppor- 
In a recent 

THE SCARCITY OF BULL MOOSE. 
OF more than passing interest is the question 
raised by one of our contributors in relation to 
New Brunswick moose, and often brought up 
in years past about Wyoming elk. The laws of 
New Brunswick prohibit the killing of cow 
moose, and the effect of their close observance, 
our correspondent tells us, is an apparent scar- 
city of bulls and a corresponding increase in 
the number of cows. 
The acquiring of reliable information on this 
subject should not be neglected. by sportsmen 
and game protectors, for it is through them that 
the actual effect of protecting female deer, elk, 
caribou and moose must be.ascertained. There 
is, however, no occasion for letting the matter 
go so far as to actually endanger the big game 
supply, and this does not seem likely to be brought 
about, for if in any season sportsmen fail to ob- 
tain antlered game, they will call loudly for per- 
mission to shoot females the following year. 
This would not prove a satisfactory remedy. 
A far better one would be a closed season for a 
limited period whicki would insure the safety 
of males, whereas an Omen season for both sexes 
would result in sweeping out of existence vast 
numbers of half-tame “emales and the further 
depletion of the suppl, of males. 
In regions where deer are abundant it is not 
unusual to see very many more does than bucks 
in a day’s hunt, and this leads the stranger to 
believe bucks scarcer than they really are. This 
is often apparent in States permit the 
shooting of deer of both sexes, as well as in 
those that protect the does, but in the latter the 
and are tamer than if 
which 
does are seen oftener 
hunted in the open esason. 
It is held by some sportsmen that the annual 
pursuit of bull moose that bear handsome antlers 
will in time have the effect of materially reduc- 
ing the physical condition .of the species, since 
the young bulls and the physically imperfect ones 
will be left and the fine specimens thinned out. 
While it does not follow as a matter of course 
that all big bulls have perfect antlers, it is quite 
certain that the persistent search for excellent 
heads. will eventually lower the standard of the 
heads in a district. 
This seems to be the experience of deer hun- 
One 
of our correspondents refers casually to the un- 
successful search a hunter recently made for 
bucks with heads worth mounting, and we have 
heard of many similar cases. Still, the best of 
heads are not seen every day, be the deer scarce 
ters in certain much-frequented districts. 
or abundant. 
This sentiment in itself may be misunderstood 
by those who do not give the matter much 
thought. It is one of the indirect results of 
game protection, this coming home without any 
game rather than “killing the limit,’ just be- 
cause the hunter’s license entitles him to do so. 
Too many men insist on the limit, regarding it 
almost a duty to “get their money’s worth,” or 
some return for the cost of obtaining their shoot- 
ing licenses. 

In Dr. Webb’s log of a cruise to the southern 
end of the great Florida canal, sportsmen tourists 
who migrate with the birds will find a pleasing 
narrative. This is the latest paper in the doctor’s 
East Coast Canal series which we have pub- 
lished. But although he has written much con- 
cerning it, a great deal remains to be told, and 
the real charm of the great waterway and its 
will be his who sails or paddles 
on its waters and explores its feeders and forest 
and that near at hand. Already 
parties are en route to Florida to see for them- 
selves what it is like to cruise within hearing 
of the sea, but on placid water, and many more 
will flock there during the winter to fish and 
hunt and renew their youth. 
environments 
shore are so 

