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sturgeon are caught in great numbers by both Mr. Roosevelt wrote to Frank Buckland, In- 

In 1871 shad were so plentiful at various points 
shore and gill seines constructed on purpose. spector of Salmon Fisheries of England, asking on the Hudson that they were sometimes sold 
Mr. Roosevelt described the progress of fish- his help in securing carp for New York waters. as low as $1.25 per hundred. 
culture in New York as related above and said He mentioned to him the proposed experiments Salmon: For hatching the Atlantic salmon 
that the first steps had been taken toward the in Central Park. Mr. Buckland replied that he an establishment was started by Livingston 
propagation of whitefish. could get carp from the queen’s preserves, in Stone, at Charlestown, N. H., in 1868. It was 
Mr. Green showed impregnated eggs of trout Windsor Park. He asked whether tench were found upon examination that the principal sal- 
and whitefish in all stages of development and found in America, and said they carry well; mon rivers emptying into Lake Ontario were 
packed in moss. He described how he on May also that roach and dace may carry, and that obstructed by no less than fifty-one dams. In 
II, 1868, put 4,000 shad eggs in a hatching box gudgeon would be valuable but require great 1871 eggs were obtained by exchange with 
at Long Bridge, on the Potomac, and 70,000 care. Up to end of 1874 this subject was still Samuel Wilmot, Newcastle, Ontario, and were 
more May 13. He hatched some in a tumbler before the Park Board and nothing tangible had hatched at Caledonia, but no application was 
in the house of Genl. Spinner, at Washington, come of it. made for them. 
and 1,500 in a salt box with a sieve bottom in The first State hatchery was authorized, and In 1872, Pacific salmon 
eggs procured by 
a room in the treasury. 
it was built at Caledonia in the summer of 1870 Professor Baird were distributed to several 
He told about obtaining and hatching eggs of for hatching eggs of lake trout and whitefish. States for hatching as the United States then 
white perch, which are adhesive, sticking fast In 1871 this hatchery was enlarged and millions had no hatcheries. New York offered to take 
to brush, weeds or grass, and easily carried in of lake trout eggs were sent there from the as many eggs as he could furnish and to de- 
that condition. They hatched in about a week Great Lakes, to be distributed either before or velop them at Caledonia. In 1873 the State re- 
in water at 62 degrees. On June 13, he placed after development. The establishment is de- ceived 220,000 eggs, the fry to be planted in 
shad eggs in a box near Coeyman’s Landing on scribed and illustrated in the report for 1873. Lake Superior, Lake Champlain, Great Salt 
the Hudson. He made a series of experiments In 1871, Prof. Spencer F. Baird was ap- Lake, and tributaries of the Mississippi. The 
showing that while shad eggs will hatch in pointed United States Commissioner of Fish New York quota was assigned to Long Island. 
water at 78 degrees they will die when tempera- and Fisheries, to examine into the condition of Some of the California salmon planted in Lake 
ture rises above 82 degrees. He described the fisheries. In the same year the American Champlain in January, 1874, were caught the 
whitefish culture in the fall of 1868. Fishculturists’ Association was formed. On _ next spring and were five inches long. 
Mr. Woodward, speaking for Connecticut, Oct. 16, 1872, the Fish Commissioners of the Brook Trout: The first report contains an 
said that a weekly close time from Saturday States were requested to meet in New York to account of a successful shipment of eggs, 
night until Monday morning had been estab- consider the best method of carrying out the packed by Seth Green, to Frank Buckland, 
lished for shad and the mesh of nets was not to United States law and to consult on matters of British Inspector of Salmon Fisheries, London. 
be less than five inches. Introduction of the interest to the commissioners of the States and The eg 
€ eggs were placed in moss in a small tin can. 
whitefish had been unsuccessfully tried. Striped the United States, This was put into a larger can and the inter- 
bass were said to remain in the Connecticut The State Fairs at Rochester, Albany, Utica stices were tightly packed with sawdust, The 
River all the year. 
and Fulton, in 1874, were utilized to exhibit New parcel had been kept in the ice house of the 
Mr. Reed stated that Rhode Island streams York fish and the processes of hatching them. steamer during the voyage. Another shipment 
were so obstructed by dams and _ polluted by Seth Green showed young Kennebec salmon, was made Novy. 24, 1873, to Lord Exeter, of Eng- 
factories as to make tishculture almost impos- Pacific salmon, lake trout, brook trout, grayling, land. 
sible, An attempt was to be made to begin two kinds of black bass, strawberry bass, rock In 1869 mention was made of the “Brook 
artificial propagation in the Pawcatuck, the only _ bass, sunfish, gar, eels, sturgeon, turtles and Shanty,” invented by William H. Furman for 
promising stream. He said many farmers were crabs living in the various aquarium tanks. raising brook trout. It was simply a covered 
about to breed trout in small streams and he Fishways occupied the attention of the com- artificial spawning bed and a modified form of 
suggested the cultivation of oysters in Narra- missioners soon after they took office, and in it is in use at present. 
gansett Bay. 1874 a fishway of the Brewer patent was con- The report for 1873 contains mention of Seth 
Mr. Lyman showed specimens of landlocked tracted for to be placed in the Mohawk River at Green’s book of Trout Culture in which direc- 
salmon. Massachusetts appropriated $30,000 for Schenectady at a cost of $4,000. Public fish- tions are given for the care of eggs of brook 
fishculture in 1867. Of this Over $4,000 was culture grew so rapidly in favor that in 1874 trout, lake trout, salmon and whitefish and for 
spent for shad hatching. Shad culture in the commissioners had been appointed in eighteen stocking trout streams. 
Connecticut had been successful. For two sea- States, also in Canada and the United States In 1874 the commissioners for the first time 
sons salmon had been hatched in the upper service. decided to hatch brook trout eggs at the public 
Merrimac and there were between 4,000 and The nature of the fishcultural work under- expense and to give the fry to persons who 
5,000 fingerlings in confinement ready to be ee by ihe New York commissioners can best dhiet send for them and distribute them 
turned out in spring of 1869. All the eggs came be shown by referring to the species by name, properly. ? 
from New Brunswick. That winter a ine larger as follows: Blue-Back Trout: In 1874 the Maine Com- 
number was being hatched. Black bass had Shad: In 1867 Seth Green, at the request of Mssioners collected 30,000 eggs of the blue- 
been introduced into many small lakes after re- the Connecticut commissioners, hatched many back trout, of the Rangeley Lakes, and sold 
peated efforts by Saml. B. Tisdale. Lake trout eggs on the Connecticut River in a floating box 5,000 of them to the New York Commission. 
and landlocked salmon were also to be intro- of his own invention. Some of the fry were In January, 1875, these eggs were in process of 
duced. It was proposed to encourage the planted in the rivers of New York and other hatching, and the young were to be planted in 
growth of such useful fishes as the smelt. States. In 1868 hatching was begun in the New York lakes. A 
Mr. Sanborn, of New Hampshire, said the Hudson, June 18, at James J. Mull’s fishery, Lake Trout: In 1871 It. was announced that 
Statute relating to taking trout out of season near Coeyman’s Landing. In 1869, from June Persons desiring to experiment with the esses 
was amended, so that possession of the fish was 1 to July 15, fifteen million eggs were hatched. Would be furnished with 500 or 600 on sending 
considered as prima facie evidence of guilt Shad boxes were furnished to fishermen by the 5° cents for express charges. Those wishing 
and, in 1868, consequently, more trout were State, and the fishermen were licensed to fish Jarge lots were required to name the lake to 
taken from Lake Winnipisaukee than for several provided they kept the boxes supplied with be stocked, and in such cases the “SES Were 
years before. Some efforts had been made to eggs. A warden was appointed to patrol the ‘Sent free of cost. 
introduce black bass and lake trout and by some river in a tug and see that the fishermen did In 1872 eggs were collected in Georgian Bay, 
gentleman to raise brook trout. their part. at. Presque Isle, and at a fishery opposite 
Mr. Stone prescribed his efforts to procure Shad fry were planted in the Genesee in 1870, Kingston. _ Seventy-one packages of lake trout 
salmon eggs from Canada and his experiments 1871, 1872 and 1873. About 10,000 were success. 24 whitefish eggs were delivered for experi- 
in raising the fish for introduction into the fully conveyed by Seth Green to the Sacramento Ment. In October and November of that year, 
United States. His hatchery was 100 feet long River, California, in June, 1871, after a hard Jake trout and whitefish eggs were forwarded 
with a capacity of one million eggs yearly. In journey lasting seven days. The fry were from 0 Lord Exeter, England, 29 boxes of lake trout 
the pool the salmon came up freely to the the Hudson ten miles below Albany. In June, and 9 of whitefish were thus consigned. In 
spawning bed until a roof was placed over it 1873, Livingston Stone carried from the Hud- 1873 another lot of lake trout and | whitefish 
and then they became alarmed and it had to son 130,000 shad fry in two shipments and 88S Was forwarded to the pen ee a NE 
be removed. placed the bulk of them in California waters. Grayling: Naturally deposited eggs of this 
Mr. Worrall and Mr. Roosevelt were ap- In 1874 the experiment was repeated. In 1876 fish and 80 adults were secured by’ Seth Green 
pointed a committee to Prepare resolutions Frank Clark and the writer transferred 130,000 1 the Ausable, Mich., on April 30, 1874, and 
which were adopted by the convention. These fry from South Hadley Falls, Mass., to the Were brought to Caledonia, May 6, with the loss 
resolutions covered practically the same prin- Sacramento River. at Tehama, Cal., with smal] Of one dead fish and two fatally injured. The 
ciples upon which both the National and State loss. As a result of the first experiment, shad 84yling were kept successfully in a pond with 
governments are now working. were caught in California, where they had not ‘S'tong current. The eggs were hatched the 
The beneficent influence of this convention existed before, as early as 1873, and on March ‘Same as brook trout eggs by A. S. Collins. The 
and of the pioneer work of the New York Com- 28, 1874, three were taken in a trap, the largest habits of the fry are described. In December, 
mission upon private and public fishculture weighing 3% pounds. 1874, the young were about three inches long. 
was unmistakable, as will appear later on. Other waters in which shad were liberated These were the first ever hatched artificially 
In 1870, Mr. Roosevelt suggested to the Park are: Onondaga, Champlain, Cayuga, and Can- cording to the report. 
Department of New York that the waters of andaigua lakes, the Allegheny, Mississippi, [TO BE CONCLUDED. ] 
Central Park were admirably suited for fish Grand (Mich.), Fox (Wis.), Ashtabula (Ohio), 
breeding, and on Sept. 14, 1870, he was invited Ausable and Racine (Mich.), Wabash (Ind.), 
by the board to examine the lakes and indicate Calumet (Ill.), Grand (Ohio), Sandusky (Ohio), 
measures for stocking them. On Dec. 8, 1870, and the Colorado and Brazos rivers (Texas). 

All the fish laws of the United States and Can- 
ada, revised to date and now in force, are given 
in the Game Laws in Brief. See adv. 



