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The proof of the Cartridge is in the shooting. The United States Army, 
by careful tests, have proven the VU. S. Cartridges to be the most 
accurate and reliable. 
UNITED STATES CARTRIDGE 
LOWELL, MASS., U.S. A. 

MANUFACTURED BY 
Agencies: 497-503 Pearl St., 55-45 Park St., New York. 

114-116 Market St., San Francisco 
SN ED RP EN SETS 1 SESE GREEN 
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ENTOMOLOGY OF THE SALMON-FLY. 
A coop deal of discussion, conducted now and 
then at rather a high temperature, has been 
engendered recently by the use in a Scottish 
river of a kind of cross-bred lure for salmon, 
which appears to be something between what is 
commonly known as a “salmon-fly” and_an im- 
itation of some species of crustacean. That, at 
least, is how it strikés us as most reasonable 
to describe it. The discussion has arisen on the 
question whether this is a fair “fly” in the sense 
in which that word is employed when speaking 
of a lure for salmon; whether, as such, it may 
be used on a river or beat where “fly only” is 
permissible, or whether, in such circumstances, 
it is not, rather, a lightly veiled imitation of the 
minnow, and so far a poaching instrument. 
The composite creature is singular in appear- 
ance, menacing, and deadly. It has the wings 
and hackles of the ordinary salmon-fly, re- 
sembling those of a “Wilkinson.” Then it has 
a stoutish, solid body, certainly more weighty 
and substantial than those of the fly as known 
by salmon. This body is divided into two parts 
—perhaps intended by their maker to represent 
thorax and abdomen respectively—united by a 
waspish waist. The anatomy, however, is a 
little obscure. What is not obscure, but very 
salient, is the fact that at the extremity of each 
segment of this divided body is a triple hook. 
This duplicate arangement of the hooks, one in 
advance of the other, tandem fashion, we have 
seen, of course, before designed for that special 
variety of the salmon known as salmo irritans, 
a variety which appears in the true salmon, but 
yet more frequently, it may, be, among the sea- 
trout—the fish which rises short time after time, 
and is thus the cause of unutterable anguish to 
the angler, who, for the sake of his soul’s greater 
peace, has this supplementary advanced hook 
attached, so that even if the fish do rise short 
to the actual fly it may yet come within danger 
of this “angle? which is the leader of the 
tandem, and may thus assuage the fisherman’s 
griefs by affixing itself. Nor, again, is it at all 
a new thing to see this arrangement of more 
than one hook, back to back, used either for 
salmon or seatrout. On some rivers such hooks 
are quite the vogue, the contention in their 
favor being not only that two or three hooks 
are more likely than one to take the fish se- 
curely, but also that it is a plan which causes 
the fly to swim in a more steady, natural way. 
On other rivers such hooks are never seen at- 
tached to a salmon-fly, and the gillie, if you 
show him one, will shake his head with a sad 
wisdom, and say that they are very bad devices, 
for the fish will rub the hook which is outside 
his mouth against a rock, or otherwise use it as 
a lever for prising out the hook which is within 
his mouth. The gillie tells you this with so 
much conviction that it is hard to believe he has 
not seen it happen. Such, then, is fashion, and 
such is the nature of this fearful bait which has 
caused discussion. 
Fearful. however, as its aspect is, it does not 
at all follow that it will of necessity be very 
fatal as a lure for the attraction of salmon, but 
that is obviously quite another question from 
the question whether it can be correctly de- 
scribed as a salmon-fly. Those who take a 
strong lien in opposition to this strange inven- 
tion say, with most perfect truth, that it has 
no resemblance to any known natural fly. But 
neither, for the matter of that, has any of the 
recognized “salmon-flies,’ so-called. | It might 
appear at the outset of such a discussion as this 
that the first requisite was a definition of “sal- 
mon-fly”; but it is rather doubtful whether to 
ask for this would-not, be to ask. for too. much. 
However we may define or describe a salmon- 
fly, it is certain that the ordinary specimens 
falling within that category do not bear the 
most distant likeness to any flying insect known 
to science. If a Jock Scott, let us say, is like 
anything at all in nature, it is perhaps more 
like a peacock butterfly than any other kind, 
but a salmon would -have every right to: be very 

much alarmed indeed, instead of at all attracted, 
if he were to see a peacock butterfly swimming 
toward him down the current of the Tay or 
Tweed. The truth is that in speaking of these 
concoctions of feathers which we use in salmon- 
angling as “flies,” we are using a name which is 
not only a misnomer, but a misleading one. 
The manner in which the name came to be used 
as it is is clear enough—by analogy with the 
feather concoctions used to allure trout, which 
are rightly enough called “flies,” because they 
are strict imitations, often wonderfully exact, 
of natural flies. We fish them in such a way as 
to imitate most closely the action of the living 
insect, letting them come floating down over 
the fish, either on the surface or just below it, 
precisely as a natural fly floats on the surface 
with cocked wings, or is carried along below it 
when drowned. The very different manner in 
which we fish the “salmon-fly” is evidence in 
itself that it is not a “fly” in imitation of any 
winged insect, as is the trout-fly. We do not 
let it float down the current, but, rather, bring 
it across the current, arresting it at the end of 
the line, sometimes giving it a series of little 
jerks, to communicate to it an alternation of 
quick movement and sudden arrest—in every 
way,. in, fact, causing it to imitate, so far as it 
may, the movements of a crustacean, or some 
larva of the crustaceans. When once this is said 
it appears so obvious as not to be worth the 
saying; but it is very evident that it is not 
recognized or is forgotten, in many of the dis- 
cussions about the nature of this composite lure 
masquerading under the name of fly. : The truth 
is that.though “it is a mere masquerading, its 
fancy dress is not. much more pronounced than 
that of a good many of the other salmon-flies. 
It has the merit, probably, or the poaching de- 
fect, of being °a more close imitation of the 
crustacean creature; but whether this is really 
so must be left a good deal to the arbitrament 
of the salmon. They must be far better judges 
on this: point than the angler, and until the 

