Fritz Bahr Says: 
MAKE A LATE SOWING OUTDOORS 
If you use Pansies during Spring for bedding, you most likely 
will depend on the plants grown from seed sown during July and 
August and later on transplanted where they are to remain over 
Winter. This will give you the best stock for early use the fol- 
lowing April. Many of us have experienced of late years a steady 
increase in the demand for Pansies and the season for selling the 
plants doesn’t end when the main batch of early stock is sold. We 
need them all through May and June and for that purpose you 
might consider right now (early October) sowing more seed ina 
coldframe. If it is sown thin in rows about 4 in. apart, the plants 
can remain all Winter without being transplanted. Early next 
April, when active growth starts again, transplant the stock into 
nice soil and it will soon grow into bushy plants ready to be sold 
after all your larger plants are gone. This method, to my mind, is 
better than sowing under glass during January, because it means 
less work and at the same time will give you as good results. It 
won’t hurt to protect the plants a little this Winter, but they 
usually pull through O. K. even if they only have four or five 
leaves by December. 
STILL TIME TO BENCH 
If you have fair sized Pansies on hand outdoors and bench 
space in a cool house, bring in a good number of them, plant in 
good soil, maintain not over 45 degrees over night and keep the 
plants clean. If you do this they will flower from January on, 
although not heavy at first, nor have blooms on long stems, but 
even these you can use to good advantage. With a little care, the 
plants will bloom away into April. Another lot of plants should be 
brought in six weeks or so before Easter to have them for that day. 
FRITZ BAHR, 
Florists’ Exchange, Nov. 24. 
GERMINATION 
During the germination period—eight to ten days in Summer 
and longer with cool weather, there must always be present three 
conditions and even a brief absence of any of these three, espec- 
ially after seed has begun to sprout, is absolutely fatal. 
These three are: 
Leet cated 0-2t0e0 ~. 
2. Moisture, but not wetness. 
3. Ventilation, the plantlet within the seed must breathe or die, 
If you are getting satisfactory results, by all means use your 
own methods. If you are not, possibly the following suggestions 
may be helpful. 
The chief difficulty in germination, we find to be keeping the 
proper amount of moisture all the while. Such is the varying 
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