Indoor Culture of Pansies for the Market 
Firstly, select, in the autumn, only strong, healthy, low grow- 
ing young plants produced from seeds of the choicest varieties. 
Set these out at least 6 inches apart on the greenhouse beds or 
benches. The compost in the benches or beds should be very rich, 
in fact fully one-third well rotted cow manure. Pick off the first 
one or two crops of buds that the plants may develop better. A 
temperature of about 45 degrees at night, and 55 to 60 degrees in 
the daytime is suitable for pansies. A weak liquid fertilizer made 
from cow manure or hen manure will help keep the plants strong, 
if applied once or twice a week, and increase the length and 
strength of stem and size of flower. A heavy dusting of Scotch soot 
on the soil around the plants will help kill any insects in the soil, 
improve the color of the blooms and act as a mild fertilizer. The 
surface of the bed should be frequently stirred. Watering should 
be attended to between nine in the morning and noon, and the soil 
should be kept moist but not wet. The house should be kept well 
ventilated. Frequent mild fumigations or sprayings should be given 
the plants to keep off aphis. All of the above details will tend to 
make the plants robust, and large, and to produce large blooms on 
long stems. As regards length of stems, it may be added that the 
nearer the glass the plants are, the shorter the stems will be, and 
that plants growing farther away from the glass, especially if the 
light on the plants themselves is not very strong, will tend to pro- 
duce long stems, but after all the best results as regards length 
of stems will be obtained in a modern greenhouse where there is 
the maximum amount of light and the greatest care given to every 
detail of the highest culture. Any plant in the open garden, as a 
rule, produces the longest and strongest flower stem when in the 
full light and under the highest cultivation, and any attempt to 
lengthen a stem under any other condition is usually to the detri- 
ment of the plant. 
PESTS 
From much inquiry, corresondence and experience, as well, it 
seems to be true that a great deal can be done in the way of pre- 
vention of plant enemies, ‘‘an ounce of prevention is worth a pound 
of cure,’’ and costs less time and money. Weeds, grass, trash and 
uncultivated soil are all nesting and breeding places for every kind 
of vermin. In fence corners, even in fences, around manure piles, 
under your benches, around your cold frames, they lie in hiding 
and waiting patiently for you to feed them with your valued crop. 
Red Spider 
Of all pansy pests, red spider is the worst, but fortunately 
coming too late to injure outside Spring stock. The best authori- 
ties seem to agree that close up spraying with water under strong 
eg pp 
