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This shows a part of 200 head of 1,000 pound Herefords on Kelly Farm No. 5. On this 
farm the cattle barn holds 125 tons of alfalfa hay. Hay is pitched right into the hay racks. 
The two small‘corn cribs with troughs on each side hold 800 bushel each of shelled corn 
and oats. Other feed racks:-are near by. Floor of cattle barn and all sheds concrete with 
about a half an acre on which the cribs and feed troughs are placed. A big wooden tank 
heated by electric tank heater on concrete just in front of barn. Also water for the hogs. 
All the feeding and watering is done on the concrete. No mud and most of it done under a. 
good roof. No team to harness and get ready. No lantern to fill and take along. aS haul- 
ing out in the weather. 
We feed shelled corn, (hauled in by trucks) with 5 to 20% oats, depending on age and fat- 
ness of cattle. With a supplement of two parts cotton seed meal and one part soy bean 
meal, finishing them up on cotton seed mealand linseed meal. No grinding of corn or com- 
mercial feeds used and still most of our cattle go to New York order buyers. Only dehorn- 
ed Hereford cattle are fed. 
WHAT A DIFFERENCE NOW AND THEN 
What a difference in feeding cattle now and forty years ago. The writer of this catalogue 
started feeding cattle as soon as he was big enough to carry a basket of corn. Then he had 
to break the ears in two or three pieces, to make it easier for cattle to eat. About all we 
fed them was broken ears of corn, clover hay and shock fodder, and this fodder had to be 
husked. We never fed corn fodder, corn and all, but every damp or rainy day when the 
leaves would not crumble up we had to husk fodder. 
All during the winter hay and fodder had to be hauled every day. No matter what the 
weather was. Chopping frozen shocks loose, getting snow down your back and wet all over 
made no difference. It had to be done. Most of the feeding had to be done in the open. 
Often mud would be 6 to 8 inches deep around the troughs and in the feed lots. 
No doubt this and other similar work gave us a back bone and built up a constitution which 
has enabled us to do two or three men’s work most of our life. No 40 hour week for us 
then or now. It was up at 4:00 o'clock and work until supper time, which was any time 
from 7:30 to 8:30, six days a week and all feeding and care of stock on Sunday. No such 
thing as time and a half pay, if we had to work a little longer. No vacation with or without 
pay. Only conveyance, wagon or spring wagon. Father went to town once a week for gro- 
ceries and supplies. We boys did not go to town for weeks at a time. We had no business 
there. No quitting the middle of Saturday afternoon to fix up to run around until Monday 
_ morning. Usually went to bed as soon as we ate our suppers, not to sleep on a Beauty Rest 
mattress, but a hard shuck or straw pad. Seldom Roe up until 4:00 a.m. when alarm went 
off. 
No doubt youngsters wonder why such a life. We were poor as most all farmers were at 
that time. A family of nine, and the writer, was the eldest, naturally had the hardest time. 
We all had to have something to eat, some clothes and go to school. 
Corn was 14¢ a bushel. Oats made ten bushel per acre and sold for 7¢ per bushel. Hogs 
were $3.00 per hundred and cholera took them about one year out of five. Clerks working 
in stores received $5.00 to $7.00 per week. Men husked corn for $1.25 a day and husked 
75 to 85 bushel. The writer shocked wheat all day for a $1.00 a day. Worked by the month 
for $18.00 a month, from March 1 until corn was husked and balance of the winter for his 
board. 
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