
5 adapted to pastures. 






Legumes Will Help Relieve the Protein and Nitrate Shortages 

Alfalfas 
Most profitable forage crop where conditions are favorable. Good stands 
last four to ten years. Plenty of lime, good drainage, fertile soil, weed elim- 
ination, seed inoculation, hardy seed and right variety, plus good judgment, are 
essential for successful stands. The two types suitable for the Northeastern 
States are:— 
COMMON, Northern grown - Has purple blossoms, grows taller. When soil 
and season are favorable it yields more but is less hardy and shorter lived than 
the variegated type. Recommended only for deep, well drained, gravelly or 
sandy soils with natural supply of lime, where winters are not too severe. Only - 
Northern grown seed from proven hardy strains should be used. This is the 
kind offered here. Purity and germination are high. Supplies very short. In- 
oculate. with Nitragin A. 
VARIEGATED, Northern grown - Has variegated blossoms, purple, blue, 
white, yellow and blends. Usually shorter, later, hardier and longer lived. 
Best for less favorable soils and climates which includes most of the North 
Eastern States. Ontario Variegated, Grimm, Hardigan Cossack and several 
other named strains are of this type and differ but little. The source is im- 
portant. We handle seed of high purity and germination from approved 
sources only. Supplies very short. Inoculate with Nitragin A. 
300 lbs. or more '4¢ less. 
F. O. B. here, bags free. Per bu. 60 lbs. Per Ib. 
COMMON, hardy northern ................ $28.80 $.48 
GRIMM, high purity ....... 
GRIMM, certified or registered blue tag .... 
Clovers 
F.O.B. here. Bags free. 300 lbs. or more, 'c lb. less. Less than 10 Ibs. add 10c 
MEDIUM RED - Month earlier than Mammoth and than Timothy. Smaller 
than Mammoth, but usually makes second growth for hay or pasture or seed. 
Seldom survives second season after seeding. We handle only hardy northern 
ests seed of first quality. Imported seed is not reliable. Per bu. $19.20; per 
- aac. 
MAMMOTH RED - Larger and later than Medium, also longer lived and 
generally hardier. Only one cutting a season. Ripens with timothy, red top, 
etc. We offer northern grown seed of top quality. Per bu. $18.60; per lb. 31c. 
ALSIKE - Smaller, less upright in growth, longer lived than the red clovers. 
Will grow on soils too wet, dry, acid or poor for red clover. Often used in pas- 
ture mixture. Per bu. $19.20; per lb. 32c. 
WHITE BLOSSOM SWEET CLOVER - Hardiest, rankest growing of the 
clovers. Earliest in the spring, latest in the fall. Valuable, first for soil im- 
proving, next for temporary pasture, last for hay. Lives only two seasons, but 
will self seed if allowed. Spring and summer are best times to sow. In spring 
grains sow two weeks after the grain, so clover won’t be too high when grain 
is harvested. Fall sowing not safe here. Unscarified or unhulled seed may 
be sown late in the winter on pastures, winter grains, or open ground. Use 
Nitragin A. Per bu. $9.00; per Ib. 15c. 
YELLOW TREFOIL-A smaller legume similar to alfalfa, especially 
Not perennial, but reseeds freely and so persists. Pala- 
table and nutritious. Will grow where white clover will not. Sow 15 to 20 lbs. 
alone or 1 lb. in pasture mixture. Use Nitragin A. Per by. $15.00; per Ib. 25c. 
WHITE DUTCH - Dwarf type, perennial clover, used for pastures and lawns 
with Kentucky Blue and other grasses. Requires good supply of lime. See 
Wild White. Inoculate with Nitragin B. Prices below. 
WILD WHITE - Best clover for pastures and lawns. Recommended by Cor- 
nell pasture experts and approved in Soil Conservation Program. Hardier and 
|. more productive than White Dutch. Flowers less, spreads rapidly, makes dens- 
er sward and pasturage richer in protein. Also increases growth of other pas- 
ture plants by supplying nitrogen and keeping soil cooler and more moist by 
the mulching effect of its dense growth. Inoculate with Nitragin B. 
In a Cornell test, Kentucky Blue Grass plus Wild White Clover produced 
five times as much feed as Kentucky Blue Grass alone. Seed only one pound 
Es per acre, preferably in Cornell Pasture Mixture, or if no better way, broadcast 
on established pasture, when ground is honeycombed with frost. Mix the seed 
with fine sand or other carrier to help sow evenly. 
We offer domestic certified Kent Wild White Clover seed. Prices below. 
LADINO WHITE CLOVER.-A giant type white clover similar to Wild 
White in spreading habit, palatability and being a perennial, but growing large 
enough to be used for hay. Recommended in hay seedings where 2nd growth 
is to be pastured or where the field is to be mowed for a year or two and then 
pastured for a time. It is used in Cornell General Purpose Mixture, 1 lb. per 
A. This small seeding produces good yields of pasture or hay several years 
after Red and Alsike clovers have run out. Ladino yields well on many fields 
not adapted to alfalfa or wild white clover and deserves wider use as a substi- 
tute for them in hay and pasture mixtures. Use Nitragin B. Prices below. — 
WILD BIRD’S FOOT TREFOIL - Two types of this plant have been dis- 
covered in Eastern New York. The broad leaf type grows like alfalfa with a 
deep feeding taproot and a crown with many shoots; and it equals alfalfa in 
productivity and feeding value. But unlike alfalfa it can produce on wet and on 
acid soils and is more winter hardy and longer lived. It is hardier also than 
any of the commercial strains. This wild Bird’s Foot Trefoil is that long 
sought substitute for alfalfa on the more acid soils of the Northeastern States. 
The narrow leaf type grows close to the ground and is better for pasture 
than for hay. It promises to fill the place of Wild White Clover for pasture 
mixtures on wet and acid soils. : : 
Early spring seeding is advised and very light covering, %4” to not over 
%", Both types give best results when sown in mixture with supporting 
plants. For hay, sow 5 lbs. of the broad leaf type with 8 lbs. Timothy or 4 
Ibs. Red Top. For pasture, sow 4 to 8 lbs. either type with 15 lbs. Ky. Blue, 
Canada Blue or Orchard Grass or a mixture. Prices below. ‘ 
Inoculation is necessary. A special strain of bacteria will be furnished 
with the seed. 
PRICES 
Per lb. Bags free. Postpaid Not prepaid 
Less 5 Ibs. 5 to 19 lbs. 20 lbs. or more 
White Dutch Clover ................ $ .95 $ .85 SS OB 
Kent Wild White Clover, certified .... 1.40 1.30 1.20 
Ladino White Clover ..............- 1.30 1.20 1.10 
Wild Bird’s Foot Trefoil, broad leaf.. 1.40 1.30 1.20 
Wild Bird’s Foot Trefoil, narrow leaf 1.40 1.30 1.20 
Timothy 
F.O.B. here. Bags free. 150 lbs. or more 1c per Ib. less. ; : 
COMMON - Northern grown, of the highest quality obtainable. Purity 99.50% 
or better. Per bu. $4.05; per Ib. 9c. 
CORNELL NO. 1777 TIMOTHY - Best selection out of hundreds tested 
by Cornell plant breeders. Very uniform, medium height and maturity, very 
leafy, fine stemmed, retains green color long, rust resistant. Yields 25% to 
30% more than ordinary timothy — better quality. Used also in pasture 
mixture. Per bu. $11.25; per lb. 25c. ; : : 
TIMOTHY AND ALSIKE MIXTURE - This natural mixture saves a little 
on cost. Our mixture contains 22% or more alsike and has low weed content. 
Per 45 Ib. $5.85; per Ib. 13c. 

Miscellaneous 
Prices F. O. B. here. Bags Free. 100 lbs. or more '4c¢ per Ib. less. Less than 
10 lbs. any item, add 10c. 
KENTUCKY BLUE GRASS - Basis of most good pasture and lawns in 
the Northeastern States. Ability to spread, fine tender leaves, palatability and 
winter hardiness are its strong points. Shallow root system and consquent dry- 
ing up in drought periods is its weakness. Full production is not reached till 
the third or fourth year. Requires lime and good drainage. Per lb. 24c. 
CANADA BLUE GRASS - Smaller, less palatable, poorer yielder than Ken- 
tucky, but grows on more acid, wetter and poorer soils, where Kentucky will 
not grow. Per lb. 35c. 
ORCHARD GRASS - Tall, tufted grass, coarse stems, not so well relished 
by stock. However, it is very early and stands drought well. Per lb. 35c. 
KED TOP - Second important hay grass. Not as salable, not as heavy yield- 
er as timothy, but stands wet, acid or poor soils better. Produces full crop hay 
or pasture first year after seeding. Per lb. 15c. 
REED CANARY GRASS- A marshy land crop. Produces large yields in 
two cuttings, palatable, nutritious hay, on low overflow lands and marshes too 
wet for other crops. Makes tough sod that will support horses and hay ma- 
chines where they could not be used before. Or, it can be pastured throughout 
the season and has carried 3 or 4 head per acre. Plowing and fitting are de- 
sirable, but not absolutely necessary. Seed 5 to 7 lbs. broadcast any time, but 
preferably late fall or early spring. Do not sow on high ground. Per lb. 33c 
SMOOTH BROME GRASS - Winter hardy, drouth resisting perennial. Un- 
derground stolons make strong sward. Leafy and especially palatable and nu- 
tritious. Sow 14 to 21 lbs. per acre alone, or 8 lbs. with 12 lbs. alfalfa (sow 
separately) for a hay-pasture mixture, or substitute it for part of the blue 
grass in a pasture mixture. Per lb. 22c 
DOMESTIC RYE GRASS - Strongly recommended for winter cover crop 
after vegetables, corn, tobacco, etc. Proved superior to rye, sweet clover and 
other crops. Seed is cheap, catches well, interferes little with main crop, is 
satisfactorily winter hardy, makes surprisingly dense root growth but no rank 
woody spring growth, plows and fits like sod. Sow 20 lbs. per acre at last culti- 
vation in cultivated crops or broadcast over them before or after harvest or 
sow in disked grain stubble. Covering seed should be done very lightly if at 
all. Sowing should be done by winter wheat planting time. Early sowing 
affords fall pasture. If not spring plowed, it may be pastured then or cut for 
hay or threshed for seed. Per Ib. 1le. 
SVALOF VICTORIA PERENNIAL RYE GRASS- Bred by Swedish 
agronomists especially for pasture use and lawns. Makes strong sward and 
produces heavy crop of fine leaves of excellent feeding value. This strain of 
rye grass is Cornell's first choice for use in the Cornell Pasture Mixture. Our 
seed was grown here from imported certified seed. Per Ib. 24c. 
JAPANESE MILLET - Best of the millets. Very satisfactory for green 
feed or hay. Planted after corn and up to July Ist, it is ready to feed green or 
cut for hay in eight weeks. It supplements the pasture or the hay supply. 
Grows well on light soils. Sow 15 to 35 lbs. Per lb. 6c. 
HUNGARIAN MILLET - Can be sown later, to about July 10th, and must 
be fed with caution, not more than half the roughage. Sow 385 to 45 lbs. per 
acre. Per lb. 7e. 
PROSO MILLET - Grown primarily as catch crop for grain. We offer purple 
top Turghai, a heavy grain yielder ripening in 60 to 70 days. Can be planted 
after winter barley or wheat, canning peas or other early harvested crop. Its 
grain is good for all livestock, excellent for poultry, 17% protein. Sow 25 lbs. 
per acre. Per lb. 7c 
DWARF ESSEX RAPE - Belongs to cabbage family. Very nutritious. 
Usually grown for green feed for sheep or hogs or cattle, in rows and cultivat- 
ed, or broadcast. Plant 3 to 5 lbs. per acre, from May to August. Ready to 
feed in 8 to 10 weeks. Successive plantings extend the feeding period. Some- 
times sown in spring grains and pastured in stubble. If not pastured too 
closely, the plants renew themselves. Per Ib. 16c. 
SPRING VETCH - Makes high protein green feed or hay. Sow 80 lbs. per 
acre at oat planting time. Inoculate with Nitragin C. Per lb. 12c. 
HAIRY VETCH - Can be sown fall or spring, usually early fall, with rye, 
various proportions, 14% to 2 bushels total. Use Nitragin C. Per lb. 16c. 
SUDAN GRASS - The dairymen’s friend. Sudan makes pasture, green feed, 
hay or silage that dairy cattle relish and respond to with milk. Sow from 
corn planting time to July 1st, 5 to 8 lbs. per acre in rows cultivated, or 20 to 
30 lbs. broadeast. Early plantings make two cuttings. Cut for hay shortly 
after blooming. Seed cost is low, returns high. More dairymen should pro- 
vide Sudan Grass and avoid the summer slump in milk production. Per lb. 7c. 
SORGHUM - Grows as tall as corn. When rowed and cultivated like corn, 
sow 12 to 15 lbs. per acre. When broadcast, sow 40 lbs. per acre. Relished es- 
pecially by horses and cattle. Per lb. 6c. 
Pasture Seedings 
Pasturage is one of the most important crops in the Northeastern States, 
yet few farmers give it the attention it deserves. Until recently, little effective 
study of the subject had been made by any of the agricultural colleges in this 
Country. As a result of research started at Cornell in 1931 by Dr. D. B. John- 
stone-Wallace, a very successful program of pasture management for this area 
has been developed. 
At Cornell are pastures so managed. They produce from 2 to 3 tons of 
dry matter per acre containing from 20% to 30% protein. This is as much dry 
matter as in a 10 to 16 ton crop of silage and as much protein as in a 38 to 6 
ton crop of alfalfa. Such production is definitely profitable and the methods 
of getting it deserve study by all livestock farmers. Write office of Publica- 
tions, College of Agr., Ithaca, N. Y. for free copy of bulletin 393 “Pasture Im- 
provement and Management.” It explains fertilizing, liming, seed mixtures, 
method of seeding and grazing management and illustrates results. 
Following are Cornell’s 1943 pasture seeding recommendations :— 
CORNELL SPECIAL PASTURE MIXTURE - Intended for good land, 
well fertilized, and managed according to recommendations. To be seeded 25 
Ibs. per acre in April or May without nurse crop. Per ib. 26c; per cwt. $25.00. 
Kentucky Blue Grass ......... TORMD SHR ETO L hive 04. esersioketimnear ss 6 er 6 lbs. 
Canada Blue Grass ........... ZADS mellow Cretoil son oes. dees S08 2 lbs. 
Perennial Rye Grass .......... 4lbs. Wild White Clover ........... 1 Ib. 
CORNELL GENERAL PURPOSE MIXTURE -To be used under sim- 
ilar conditions but for combination hay and pasture or pasture only. May be 
seeded with nurse crop. 22 lbs. per acre. Per lb. 29c; per cwt. $28.00. 
Kentucky Blue Grass ......... 6lbs. Medium Red Clover .......... 2 lbs. 
Timothy Gime ete os coenees Silos, _ANIKeailkey 5 SistRW a ane ener ee tetris ae 1 lb. 
PAV fafa Ramee ee eter cc ete 4 |bs Ladino White Clover ......... 1 |b. 
CORNELL UTILITY MIXTURE - For land of lower fertility or not suite 
to alfalfa. May be used for hay or silage first year or two if desired. 22 lbs. 
per acre. Per lb. 27c; per cwt. $26.00. 
Kentucky Blue Grass ......... Se. Mammoth Red Clover ......... 3 lbs. 
Ganadasblue /Grassmaeee etre. S. : 
Timothy Dh 7 eee ee ae tie ey. 6 lbs. PSIG: WN a SHA Mics 5 eS ees oe 3 lbs. 
Riedie Lop gear tactacrs ei vemererey ks 2lbs. Ladimo White Clover ......... 1 lb. 
We offer the above mixtures made up with seeds approved by Cornell, in- 
cluding Kent Wild White Clover and Svalof Victoria Perennial Rye Grass in 
the first. Mixtures for dry land, wet land, good alfalfa land, poultry ranges 
and other special situations will be quoted on request. 

Provide An Abundant and Continuous Supply of Fodder and Pasturage 
eT ST Ca TF 

