74 
ever, the caterpillars are very numerous, they are apt to en- 
tirely strip the plant of its foliage, thus killing it outright. 
The greatest damage is done when the head of the cabbage is 
forming or is already formed. At this time the caterpillars are 
very apt to eat into it and ruin it for use. 
We have a number of broods of cabbage butterflies in our 
state, but the exact number can not be stated. At all events 
the butterflies are very numerous all summer, adding some- 
times a peculiar charm to the scenery. During the time that 
clover is in full bloom, they are very numerous, and again 
when the golden-rods show in perfection. On such days white 
clouds of butterflies may be seen, especially in places where 
the ground is damp. Here immense numbers congregate in 
search of moisture. These delicate looking butterflies are by 
no means dainty in the selection of food, and places where cat- 
tle have passed and dropped liquid manure are crowded with 
their eager forms. In our western prairies, where the ground 
is frequently dry for many days in succession, these butterflies 
will congregate along the shores of lakes and rivers, or even 
crowd together in places where buildings are erected, and where 
mortar is made. ‘The moisture seems to attract them. 
Remedies.—Knowing the life-history of these butterflies, it is 
easy to suggest a number of remedies. One has already been 
given, viz., to destroy, during the winter, as many of their hi- 
bernating chrysalids as possible. The comparatively few 
butterflies that succeed in issuing in spring should also be 
caught and destroyed. This is not such a difficult matter, for 
the great majority of the cabbage butterflies issue near the 
gardens in which the cabbages were grown during the previous 
year, and as their flight early in spring is not very rapid, it is 
easy to capture many by means of a net and to destroy them. 
It would be best to combine sport with this labor by furnishing 
to boys and girls, a number of cheap butterfly-nets, which any 
one can make, and by offering a reward for each hundred but- 
terflies captured. We could thus destroy nearly all the butter- 
flies of the first brood, which of course would prevent later 
broods. 
Since the caterpillars of the cabbage-butterflies chew their 
food, it is, of course, easy to poison them. 'Twoof the best ma- 
terials for this purpose are Paris- green and London-purple 
