54 
which will drive them away to less highly-scented pastures. 
As this oil kills plants as well, proper care in handling the 
hopperdozers should be observed, otherwise much injury can 
be caused by careless work. 
Hopperdozers, though very good machines upon level ground, 
free from trees and stumps, can not be used in all places. Some 
farmers living upon a newly opened farm, upon which many 
stumps were standing, managed their machines in a very pecu- 
liar and ingenious manner. Instead of moving the hopperdo- 
zer they drove the hoppers themselves into the pan, which in 
this case was used in the same way as a corral is used to cap- 
ture cattle or horses. Though much slower these intelligent 
farmers still succeeded in killing the greater number of their 
enemies and saved their crops. 
In places where the hopperdozers can not be used on account 
of the rough, unequal or too sloping condition of the ground, 
and where cattle and chickens can he kept away, there is no 
better way of destroying large numbers of the locusts than by 
the use of poisoned baits made of bran-mash. This is made by 
thoroughly mixing Paris green or London purple with dry rye 
or wheat bran, about one and one-half to two pounds of the 
poison to twenty-five pounds of bran is a good proportion; to 
this is added enough water to form a mash thick enough to be 
formed into balls without falling apart when laid upon the 
ground. Frequently cheap molasses is added to keep the mash 
from becoming too dry. 
But, after all, no matter how useful hopperdozers may be 
against grasshoppers and other insects, they are only a make- 
shift to be employed when other remedies can not be employed. 
In many places they cannot be used at all; for instance, not 
upon the hillsides of Duluth, upon which immense numbers of 
grasshoppers have found a home. Here other machines might 
be used, which capture the grasshoppers in bags, and in which 
the insects are ground up by rollers. Poison could also be ap- 
plied where cattle and chickens can be kept away. The true 
remedy consists in plowing, as has been described before, and 
wherever grasshoppers are numerous this method has to be 
resorted to. Of course it would be best to plow the soil con- 
taining eggs during the autumn, as by doing so the surface 
of the plowed ground becomes thoroughly compacted by rain 
