95 
patagia, a large spot at the base of each wing, and a narrow streak over 
the posterior part of the scutellum lemon-yellow; all these spots with 
the exception of those at the base of the wings are edged in front with 
dark orange. Abdomen black, banded with yellow at the posterior edge 
of each segment; sides of posterior five segments orange, the orange extend- 
ing almost over the whole surface of the last three. Fore wings covered 
with scales, except a narrow portion from base tocell, and some very small 
Spaces immediately behind the cell. Costa and internal margin coppery- 
brown. Outer margin broadly brown, shaded with purplish copper. Dis- 
cal mark large, almost rounded. At the base all the veins are stained 
with bright scarlet orange, and there are some scales of the same color 
below the costa. Beneath the fore wings are lemon-color on the costa, 
shading into orange towards the center of the wing, and into brown on 
the outer margin. Discal mark orange. Hind wings with a coppery 
sheen. Fringes of both wings brown. Length of body 15mm. Expanse 
of wings 30 mm. 
Many other borers, the caterpillars of larger moths, infest 
our trees. Prominent among these is Cossus centerensis Lint., 
Prionoxystus robinice Peck., and Prionoxystus querciperda Fitch. 
To show their general appearance illustration (Fig. 50) has 

Fig. 50.—Prionoxystus querciperda Fitch. Male and female moth, young caterpillar and 
empty pupal case. Original. 
been prepared, in which the different stages of the last 
named moth are given. The specimen from which the 
illustration of the female was made was found at noon on June 
10, This female moth had just left the pupa, and her wings 
