119 
former variety of wheat is not utilized. It is difficult to under- 
stand how this insect can exist under such conditions. [If it 
was a single-brooded species an explanation would be simple. 
The only feasible remedy in our state consists in burning the 
stubble, and this should be done throughout the infested 
regions. 
APHIDES OR PLANT-LICE. 
If there is any family of insects which is being constantly 
fought the world over by farmers, nursery-men, gardeners and 
florists, it is the family of plant-lice. They are all small, the 
largest measuring not more than a quarter of an inch in length, 
while the very great majority are very much smaller. The 
bodies are somewhat pear-shaped, with slender legs and feel- 
ers. Wings are only present at certain stages, being usually 
absent. Near the rear end of the body are two short tubes, 
which secrete a sweet liquid called honey-dew. This is greedily 
devoured by ants, which may always be seen in attendance 
wherever plant-lice are to be found; a sketch, showing an ant 
in the act of milking its cow, the louse, is given in Fig. 61. 
The fact that ants protect such lice is sometimes of serious con- 
sequence to our farmers, for instance in the case of the grain- 
louse, where the ants remove anumber of the lice to their 
underground tunnels and protect them during the winter, thus 
Fig. 61.—Plant-lice, and ant in the act of milking louse. Original. 
enabling these injurious insects to withstand the severe winter, 
and to emerge in the spring ready to commence their attacks on 
the grain. 
