122 
see to it that all treee growing along the streets should be 
properly attended to. Wherever this is done, as in the city of 
Washington, D. C., shade-trees are a pleasure and not a 
disgrace. 
Leaf-lice furnish in the honey-dew produced by them con- 
siderable honey to our bees. Yet this honey is very poor, and 
so much like adulterated honey that it finds no ready sale. 
Moreover it is sometimes the cause of dysentery, when bees are 
forced to consume it during winter, and early spring, so that 
apiarists have no special reason to be thankful to the pro- 
ducers of this material. 
Remedies. 
In dealing with plant-lice we must remember that they are 
sucking and not biting insects. Their beaks pierce through 
the layers of Paris-green into the plant, from which they suck 
the sap without harm. Still an application of this material 
will kill large numbers, as it seems to irritate their skins and 
dislodge the insects. In order to fight these lice we must apply 
some remedy which will kill by contact. When used ona 
large scale, kerosene-emulsion is undoubtedly the best remedy. 
The standard formula of Mr. H. G. Hubbard is given below: 
Kerosene ss. nc foetal, Rei at Aves 2 gallons 
Common soap or whale oil soap............ 4Ib 
Water, . A00h net. Pore sel ses 1 gallon 
Dissolve the soap by boiling in the water, and after remov- 
ing from the fire add the kerosene and churn the mixture by 
means of a force-pump while still hot. Direct the stream from 
the nozzle back into the mixture for five or ten minutes. The 
mixture, when perfectly emulsified, acts like thin cream, and 
should adhere evenly to the side of the vessel without oiliness. 
It is creamy in consistency and becomes thick on cooling. To 
use this emulsion mix one part of it with nine or ten parts of 
water, and apply with a spraying-pump. It requires some 
trouble to make this emulsion, and in some cases one or the 
other of the following substances may be substituted in its 
place. 
Whale-oil soap is very useful in gardens, on rose-bushes, 
or even in the case of some house-plants. <A strong solution of 
this, one pound to a gallon of water, will, if applied with a 
sprinkler, kill any aphis with which it comes in contact. In 
