14 THE ARMY-WORM. 
posit their eggs upon young growing wheat-plants. The 
exact time when this takes place in Minnesota we do not 
know at present. To prevent the pupz inclosed in the pupa- 
ria from hatching, early plowing in autumn is necessary. In 
doing so the stubble containing the insects is plowed under, 
and the puparia and enclosed insects are in constant 
contact with the moist earth; this will either destroy 
their vitality, or the soil will become packed so tightly 
around them that the very delicate adult insects can not 
issue. Ifthe stubble could be burned soon after harvesting 
the great majority of these injurious insects would be de- 
stroyed. 
It is still an open question whether the growing of win- 
ter wheat will increase the danger of introducing the Hessian- 
flies and of furnishing them the proper conditions for exis- 
tence. Ifthe insect is single-brooded then the growing of 
winter-wheat will make no difference whatever; if double- 
brooded we furnish the insects with an opportunity for a 
second generation. 
Notwithstanding the fact that the parasites have done 
such wonderful execution and have killed the great majority 
of the Hessian-flies, every farmer should bear in mind that 
these insects rapidly increase in numbers, and he should not 
run the risk of depending upon these small friends but plow 
his stubble-fields as early and as thoroughly as possible, 
since in doing so he will employ the only method that can 
protect him against this pest. Some years ago a female fly, 
just leaving the puparium, was dissected, and it was 
found that it contained 238 eggs. This shows how rapidly 
this pest can increase if conditions are at all favorable. 
THE ARMY-WORM. 
(Leucania unipuncta Harv.). 
Many of the newspapers published in our state contained 
in the middle of July and the first week in August many very 
gloomy accounts of a cut-worm which threatened ruin and 
destruction to every green thing, but which preferred wheat, 
oats, corn and grasses to other plants. Not only our state 
but a number of others were equally injured by large armies 
of these insects. All parts of Minnesota were infested, even 
