BOT-FLIES. 219 
8 to 40 grammes in an aromatic infusion; or even benzine. 
An application of such substances may have good results, 
but an easy cure should not be expected. In fact Neumann 
arrived at this conclusion: ‘‘that agents endowed with great 
energy, and which arrive in the stomach without undergoing 
any modification, act upon that viscus, but scarcely produce 
any effect upon the larve. No medication can therefore be 
recommended for their destruction and expulsion.” Itis a 
very fortunate fact that they leave themselves without any 
medication, and that it is unnecessary to apply remedies 
unless the health of the animal is seriously endangered. If 
this should happen mucilaginous fluids should be given to 
allay the irritation, and the patient should be well fed to 
make up for the loss of nutriment caused by the bots. In 
the case of the hwmorrhoidalis larvee in the rectal mucous 
membrane and the margin of the anus, they should be re- 
moved by hand, or by a weak emulsion of kerosene or ben- 
zine. , 
Prevention is the only true method we have to combat 
the various species of bots, and this is not a very difficult 
one. The eggs are readily seen, and should be removed as 
soon as seen. This seems to be simple, but it requires more 
labor than most people imagine. To simply use a brush, or 
a comb, is not sufficient, since they are so thoroughly well 
attached to the hair that a more heroic treatment has to be 
resorted to. The writer has found it best to paint the eggs 
with pure kerosene, and to do so every day, or whenever the 
horse has been out-doors. This oil will kill the eggs, which 
soon collapse and gradually disappear. With a little care 
the horse can be kept free of bots, which, even if they should 
be entirely harmless, are not a necessity to its well-being. 
THE SHEEP GAD-PLY: 
(Estrus ovis Lann.). 
This insect is a well-known parasite of the sheep and ac- 
cording to some authors, of the goat. It isthe parent of the 
‘““Grub in the Head”’ and of the ‘‘False gid.’’ As seen in the 
illustrations (figs. 180 and 181) it is a small fly, very rapid 
in all its actions, and one which when flying, is not readily 
