SHEEP GAD-FLY. 223 
wind, and then bend it backward convulsively. From time 
to time they stagger and are seized with vertigo, but do not 
turn in acircle. In severer cases there is difficulty of breath- 
ing, the first respiratory passages being obstructed by the 
larve or the inflammation of the mucous membrane. The 
eyes are red and watery. The disease may be still further 
complicated. The sick lose appetite and rapidly grow poor; 
they grate their teeth; a frothy saliva runs from the mouth; 
their eyes roll in the sockets; convulsions arise and finally 
death ensues sometimes within six or eight days after the 
appearance of the first symptoms. 
“But the disease is rarely so fatal; it lasts longer, and 
the larve having been successfully cast out, the symptoms 
gradually become more favorable and by degrees completely 
disappear. 
“This affection has sometimes been mistaken for ‘‘gid’’ 
or ‘‘turn-sick’’ due to Cenurus cerebralis, whence the name 
“‘false gid’’ or vertigo of (@strus, which has been given to it. 
Confusion will be avoided by recalling that turning in a 
circle does not take place in the present disease. The latter 
is nearly always accompanied by nasal discharges and snort- 
ings, which do not appear in true ‘“‘gid,’’ and which, besides, 
show themselves only in young subjects.”’ 
All interested in sheep husbandry should secure a copy of 
Dr. Cooper Curtice’s book, ‘‘The Animal Parasites of Sheep.”’ 
It was published by the Department of Agriculture in 1890, 
and is a veryimportant document. In it aregiven a number 
of preventives, medicinal and surgical treatments, but the 
final conclusion is a quotation from Neumann, an advice 
sound to follow except in the case of breeders of valuable 
sheep. It is: ‘‘at all times, if the number of animals affected 
is considerable, the malady should be left to follow its own 
course, and those which present the gravest symptoms should 
be sent to the shambles.’’ 
Still there are a number of preventives and remedies that 
it is well to mention. Of course it is very doubtful whether 
remedies can reach larvee hidden in the more remote cavities 
in the bones of the forehead and beneath the bases of the 
horns. When the grubs have entered the nostrils many can 
