HAND BOOK FOR THE GARDEN 5 
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MAGGOTS 
The cabbage and onion maggots are the only ones that need be 
considered in this locality. They are hatched from the eggs deposited 
by the adult flies, in the late Spring or early Summer, at the base of 
the young plants or in the soil just below the surface, near the plants. 
They attack Cabbage, Cauliflower, Kohl Rabi, Radish and Onion 
plants. If the beds containing these plants are small it is well to 
build a fence of 8-10 inch boards around them and cover this with 
mosquito netting. This will prevent the entrance of the flies and 
hence the maggots. 
To combat the adult flies of the Cabbage maggots the following 
remedy has been found effective by the Minnesota Experiment Sta- 
tion: Three ounces lead arsenate, two and one-half pounds brown 
sugar, four gallons water. 
Make a paste of the lead arsenate, add the water and in this 
mixture dissolve the sugar. Apply with a spray, sprinkling can or 
whisk broom every week for five or six weeks in fair weather, or 
tile as often in rainy weather. The liquid attracts and poisons the 
es. 
To combat the flies of the Onion maggot use one-fifth ounce so- 
dium arsenate, one-half pint New Orleans molasses, one gallon water. 
Apply same as for cabbage maggot. 
To combat the maggots the following remedy can be used: Steep 
two ounces white hellebore in one quart water for one hour, then 
dilute to one gallon. Use about a cupful for each pint and apply every 
five days for the first two weeks and every week for the next four or 
six weeks. An ordinary sprinkling can with the sprinkler attachment 
removed can be used. 
SPRAYING 
There are three kinds of sprays: First, poison insecticides; second, 
contact insecticides; third, fungicides. 
Poison insecticides are used to combat leaf-eating or biting in- 
sects, such as the Potato bug, Cabbage worm, etc., which cause in- 
jury to the plants by eating the leaves. The spray when properly 
applied covers the leaves with a coating of poison. When these poi- 
soned leaves are eaten the insect is killed. 
Contact insecticides are used to combat sucking insects, such as 
plant lice or aphids and scale insects which do not eat the leaves but 
cause the plant injury by penetrating the surface with their beaks 
and sucking the juices from the leaves. A spray that kills the insect 
by coming into contact with its body must therefore be used. 
Fungicides are used to combat or prevent fungous plant diseases. 
Following will be found a list of the sprays in common use and 
the methods of preparing them. The quantity desired can be made by 
using more or less of the ingredients in the proportions herein stated. 
POISON INSECTICIDES 
One—Arsenate of lead. Does not injure foliage or wash off. Three 
pounds commercial paste or one and one-half pounds powder to 50 
gallons water. 
