
DIPTERA. 49 
during the larva state, losing by this metamorphosis the scaly 
coverings of the head and of all the exterior parts. They pass 
into the pupa state, are furnished with legs and wings, and have 
the thorax provided with dainty plumes, which probably assist in 
the action of respiration. This pupa is very active and quick in 
its movements in the water. When the moment comes for its 
last metamorphosis, it throws off its feathery covering in much the 
same manner as the gnat. 



IN Tk (4 
S WY AY \\ 
\ 



Nw, 
N \ \ W\\ LIL / a 
Wey 
‘\ | 
W\\\ 


















Fig. 32.—Daddy Longlegs (Zipula oleracea). 
Fig. 32 represents Tipula oleracea in the different 
larva, pupa, and perfect insect. 
stages of 
Other species of small Tipule have aquatic larve very similar 
to those which we have described. Réaumur remarked that each 
of these worms is lodged in a thick mass, convex at the top, formed 
of a transparent and adhesive white jelly. As for the larve of the 
larger Tipule, they are not aquatic, but are of different habits, 
and live under the ground, all soil which is not frequently turned 
is suitable to them, but they are to be found especially in low damp 
meadows. 

