
Vegetable Cultural Directions —continues 

KALE, Sow in April or May, and for winter use in 
August or September, and cultivate the same as 
cabbage. Cover seed % inch. 
KOHLRABI. Prepare the ground as for cabbage. 
Sow early in May, and for succession up to July, in 
rows 1% ft. apart. Thin out the plants to 12 inches 
in the row To preserve over winter treat as turnips. 
LEEK. Sow early in April and mid-summer, in rows 
1 inch deep, 1 foot apart, and thin 4 to 6 inches in 
the rows; cultivate often. Draw earth up to them 
as they grow to insure white and tender Leeks. 
Do better if transplanted. 
LETTUCE. For Spring outdoor crop sow early in 
March about %4 inch deep, in boxes or hotbeds. 
Transplant into flats or coldframes to harden off. 
AS soon as the ground can be worked, set out in 
rows, 1 foot apart, allowing from 8 to 12 inches 
between plants; cultivate frequently. For succes- 
sion sow in the open ground every two weeks, from 
April to August. Soil well enriched is necessary, as 
lettuce must be grown without check. Use a 100 to 
1 solution Nitrate of Soda, occasionally. 
MUSK MELON. Early in May, when the ground is 
warm and dry, make hills 4 to 5 feet apart each 
way and sow 8 to 10 seeds in a hill, covering about 
1 inch. When the fourth leaf appears, thin to 3 or 
4 plants in a hill. Cultivate frequently. Spray early 
and often with bordeaux or arsenate of lead. 
MUSTARD. Same culture as Spinach, which see. 
OKRA. Sow seed as soon as ground is warm, in 
drills 3 feet apart and 1 inch deep. When the plants 
come up, thin to about 1% feet apart in the drills 
Requires rich, moist soil and frequent cultivation. 
ONION. Sow % inch deep early in the spring. When 
young plants come up, thin to 2 inches apart in the 
row. Hoe and cultivate often, but avoid too deep 
cultivation and be careful not to draw the soil 
around the growing bulbs. For large onions, sow 
seed in coldframes in February and transplant to 
open ground. For early green onions, sow seed of 
Silverskin in Aug. and protect plants during winter. 
OYSTER PLANT (Salsify). Sow early in spring, in 
rows 15 inches apart and 1 inch deep; thin out to 6 
inches apart in the rows; cultivate same as carrots. 
PARSLEY. Sow early in April in rows 1 foot apart 
and % inch deep, and for a succession up to au- 
tumn. When plants come up, thin to 4 to 6 inches 
apart in the row. In dry weater water plentifully. 
PARSNIP. Sow in spring % inch deep in good, deep 
soil, as soon as the ground can be worked; make 
rows 18 inches apart. When the plants are well up, 
thin to 6 inches apart in the rows. Roll after sowing. 
PEAS. Peas require warm, light soil, well fertilized 
and slightly acid. Soon as ground can be worked, 
open rows 38 or 4 inches deep, 2 to 3 feet apart, into 
which drop the Peas and cover them. Cultivafe 
same as beans. Smooth varieties are best for early 
planting. The wrinkled kinds are more tender, and 
should be sown later. 
PEPPER. Same culture as Egg Plant, which see. 
PUMPKIN. Sow early in May; make hills 8 to 10 
feet apart each way; 4 to 6 seeds in the hill. When 
plants come up thin to two or three. Pumpkin seed 
can be sown with corn in every fourth hill. Culti- 
vate frequently and keep the soil rich. 
RADISH. Sow as early in spring as the ground can 
be worked 1 inch deep, in rows 1 foot apart. Sow to 
avoid thinning. For succession sow every two 
weeks. Sow winter varieties in July and August. 
Succeed best in soil slightly acid. 
RHUBARB. Requires very rich soil. Bovung is ex- 
cellent. Roots may be planted in spring or fall and 
should be set at least 3 feet apart. Cover crowns 
with 2 inches of soil. 
RUTABAGA. Sow Rutabagas thinly in July in rows 
2 feet apart. Cover firmly with % inch of soil. Thin 
to stand 6 inches apart in the row. Cultivate con- 
stantly. (See also Turnip.) 
SORREL. Sow seed in any good garden soil. in 
shallow drills a foot apart. Thin plants to 6 to 8 
inches apart and remove seed stalks as soon as 
they appear; cut about 2 months after planting. 
SPINACH. For spring and summer use, sow in April 
in rows 1 foot apart, and 1 inch deep, and for suc- 
cession sow every two weeks up to August. For 
winter use, sow in September and cover with straw 
or other protection on the approach of cold weather. 
SQUASH. Sow in hills, when the apple is in bloom, 
about 4 feet apart each way for the summer sorts, 
and 8 to 12 feet for the winter varieties, eight to 
ten seeds to the hill. When the plants come up and 
when danger of loss by insects is past, thin to three 
or four plants to the hill. 
SWISS CHARD. Sow in spring, when the apple is 
in bloom, about 1 inch deep in rows 1 foot apart. 
When plants have made three or four leaves, thin 
to 6 inches apart. Cultivate thoroughly. For succes- 
sion, sow every two weeks until August 10. 
TOMATO. Sow in hotbeds or under glass in March 
and when the young plants have made three or 
four leaves, transplant into shallow boxes or cold- 
frames, setting them 4 to 5 inches apart. When 
danger of frost is over, set out in the open. Seed 
can also be sown in the open ground. 
TURNIP. Sow seed in the open ground in April, 
% inch deep, in rows a foot apart, and thin to 4 to 
6 inches in the rows. Be sure to have the soil rich 
and freshly stirred. Thin early and Keep free from 
weeds. For fall and winter use, sow in July, August 
and September. 
WATER MELON. Early in May, when the ground is 
warm and dry, make hills 8 feet apart each way 
and sow 8 to 10 seeds in a hill, covering about 1 
inch. When the fourth leaf appears, thin to 3 or 4 
plants in a hill. Cultivate frequently. Spray early 
and often with bordeaux or arsenate of lead. 

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