has begun. Cut nearly to ground in fall for the 
best crop in early spring. Spray or dust with 
rotenone or pyrethrum regularly as precaution 
against black aphis. 
DECIDUOUS FRUIT TREES 
If not ready to plant immediately, heel into a 
trench to cover roots, and water. Space trees about 
15 feet apart if possible; 12 will do. Dig a hole 
large enough for the roots; cut off broken roots 
cleanly and spread out naturally, planting about 1 
inch deeper than soil mark on trunk. After tamp- 
ing soil about roots, and settling by a basin-soak- 
ing, cut back to about 3 or 4 feet from ground, and 
remove all but 3 or 4 well-spaced side branches, 
each cut to 2 or 3 buds. Yucca tree protectors will 
protect trunks against sunburn and rabbits. 
GRAPES 
Plant 6 feet apart, pruning back to one spur of 
only 3 or 4 buds, and setting all but 2 inches of 
original cutting underground. For bush varieties 
(as Muscat) let only the strongest cane grow to 
the top of a short stake, and then pinch out top. 
For arbor grapes (as Concord) do not prune long 
canes first winter, but tie up carefully. 
CITRUS AND AVOCADOS 
Do not remove the burlap covering from the 
ball of earth about the roots, but set in the hole 
with the top of ball about 1 inch below the surface 
soil. Fill two-thirds full with top soil and moist 
peat moss, and then cut the top string, fold back 
