NOTES ON MOSSES. 313 
nerve carried nearly to base of point; branch leaves lanceolate, 
acuminate ; all serrate ; capsules small, oval-oblong, with purplish 
spots at the base, where it is suddenly bent at an angle from the 
apex of the rough fruitstalk asin Z. purum ,; lid with a long slender 
beak ; dioicous. 
A variety, S¢okest?, is not uncommon in the Welsh woods. 
E. Swartzit differs from £. prelongum in its manner of growth, 
having creeping stems, with short erect branches; leaves uniform, 
ovate, serrate, nerved more than half-way ; fruitstalk rough ; cap- 
sule ovate, cernuous; lid rostrate; dioicous. In Stirrup Wood 
and at Marple is found £Z. pumillum, the dwarf Feather Moss. 
This moss is mentioned by Wilson as growing in Winwick stone 
quarry, near Warrington, along with prelongum and Swartzit. 
On shady banks and in woods, but rare in fruit, although found 
fruiting in Cotterill Clough, is Z. p:lzferum, the hair-pointed Fea- 
ther Moss, with imbricate, elliptical, serrulate leaves, suddenly 
contracted into a long serrulate, almost piliferous point, concave, 
and nerved half-way ; fruitstalk rough ; capsule cernuous, oblong ; 
lid rostrate ; as long as the capsule ; dioicous. 
Growing in dense bright or dark-green patches on limestone 
rocks in Millers Dale may be seen the thick-nerved Feather Moss, 
E. crassinervum, and a beautiful moss, very little known on the 
continent, is Hyocomium flagellare, the thong-branched. Feather 
Moss. It is found on shady rocks by the stream in Staley-brushes, 
and also in Bamford Wood. Stems one inch or more, arched, pin- 
| nate ; stem-leaves squarrose, broadly cordate, acuminate ; branch 
| leaves spreading, sub-secund, roundish-ovate ; all sharply serrate, 
| and mostly two-nerved at base; fruitstalk rough; capsule ovate, 
oblong, cernuous ; lid conical, acute, dioicous. When growing in 
| water it is always barren, and the stems and branches are much 
| elongated. 
Two common Mosses are Rhynchostegium tenellum, the tender 
| awl-leaved Feather Moss, principally found on limestone rocks 
and walls ; and 
R. ruscifolium, the long-beaked Water Moss; frequent on rocks 
and stones in rivulets; while not uncommon about Ashley and 
Bowdon is Zhamnium alopecurum, the Fox-tailed Frond Moss. It 
is a fine moss, with stems two or three inches in height, growing 
from a creeping rhizoma, naked in the lower part, with numerous 
branches above, disposed in a pinnate manner. Stem leaves scale- 
like below; upper leaves ovate-lanceolate, concave, serrate, and 
strongly nerved to apex ; capsule shortly ovate ; cernuous or erect ; 
lid with a long oblique beak ; dioicous. 
With the exception of six species, whose leaves are patent 
squarrose, and which comprise the sub-genus Campylium, the eu- 
Hypnums, or true Hypnums, are distinguished by their falcato- 
