18 Report oF THE DIRECTOR OF THE : 
These came from herds in New York, Pennsylvania, Vermont, 
Massachusetts, Connecticut and Rhode Island, and are all regis- 
tered animals of the finest blood. They are fed the same food, receive 
the same care, and yet in cost of production of milk the best is 
to poorest as 100 is to 162, while in cost of production of butter 
the best is to the poorest as 100 is to 196, while one may be 
among the least profitable for milk and among the most profitable 
for butter production. « 
The annual average of our dairy cows in butter is from. 125 tc 
127 pounds, but we have the report »f one dairyman whose herc 
averaged last year 394 pounds of butter per cow, and he explains 
why it was not fifty pounds more, and says his herd for the pas 
sixteen years has not failed to yield him an average of 300 pounds 
per cow and a net profit of. over fifty dollars each per annum. | 
On the other hand, we find that seventy-iive per cent of the cows 
in one of our best dairy sections of the State have not paid their 
cost. 
We have proved at the experiment station at Geneva that 
milch cows gave back in the liquid and solid manure a value in 
fertilizing constituents, nitrogen, potash and phosphoric acid 
equal to seventy per cent of the market value of the feed fed the | 
animals, and that three-fifths of this was in the liquid portion. 
Now the milch cows of this State annually consume, at thirty-six 
dollars each, $56,000,000 worth of food, seventy per ent of which 
is $39,200,000; we have besides 1,462,872 horses, mules and oxen 
costing quite as much more, as also 2,234,747 sheep and hogs. It 
is safe to estimate the manure made apon the farms of this State 
at $100,000,000, of which it is also safe to estimate that one-half 
or two-thirds is allowed to waste. 
If we can impress our farmers with the importance of thir 
single point in their practice we shall have repaid many hundred- 
fold all the expense of our experiment station. 
We have sought to impress these facts upon our farmers by 
‘ means of a colored chart which gives the relative amount of these 
fertilizing and food constituents in the several farm products and 
cattle foods. These charts have been distributed to yranges 
“yh 
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