






New York AgricuLtuRAL ExpPERIMENT STATION. 579 
knapsack pump one man ought to be able to spray at least two 
acres in a day of ten hours, and with a barrel pump using two or 
four nozzles the work could be done much more rapidly and at 
less expense. 
So far as it is possible to judge from the tests made last season 
a good strength for Bordeaux for this purpose is shown in the fol- 
lowing formula,* namely, three pounds of copper sulphate, and 
two pounds of lime to twenty-two gallons of water. The ammo- 
niacal solution of copper cabonate§ may be substituted for the 
Bordeaux mixture in the last application of the season. 
Soaking the Seed in Fungicides.— Experiments in soaking the 
seed in fungicides are now in progress, but the results are not yet 
ready for publication and no recommendations in this direction 
can be made at present. 
CELERY OCRROOSPORA. 
This disease also causes a spotting of the leaves of celery. It 
is caused by a parasitic fungus known to botanists as Cerospora 
Aji, Fr., and it sometimes causes serious loss to celery growers. 
Prof. Scribner has discussed its characters and distribution in the 
* Many object to the use of Bordeaux mixture because they experience so 
much trouble in preparing and applying it. Preparation of Bordeaux mixture 
may be simplified by a test which obviates the necessity of weighing the lime, 
and, where large quantities of lime are used, permits slacking the lime in large 
quantities at one operation. The copper sulphate is weighed and mixed with 
an amount of water sufficient to dissolve it. When it is completely dissolved, 
the lime, in the form of thin whitewash, is strained through burlap (gunny 
sacking) or carefully poured into the copper sulphate solution. A drop or 
two of potassium ferrocyanide (saturated aqueous solution) added from 
time to time after thoroughly stirring the mixture will show when enough 
lime has been added to form the Bordeaux mixture. If not enough lime has 
been used, the drop of ferrocyanide will turn toa very dark color the moment 
it touches the mixture; if enough lime has been used, the ferrocyanide will not 
change color when it is dropped into the mixture. Water is then added tillthe 
Bordeaux mixture is diluted to the desired strength. The commercial form of 
potassium ferrocyanide may be used for this test. A supply for the entire 
season may be purchased for a few cents. Success in treatment with Bordeaux 
mixture as above recommended depends much upon the kind of nozzle used 
and the care taken to cover all parts of the plants with the spray. 
§ The ammoniacal solution of copper carbonate is made by dissolving five 
eunces of copper carbonate in three pints of ammonia 26°B and then diluting 
to fifty gallons with water. If the carbonate is first moistened with water it 
will dissolve more readily in the ammonia. 
