800 ReEpPorRT OF THE DEPARTMENT OF ENTOMOLOGY OF THE 
LOCATION OF ORCHARDS. 
The orchards in which the experiments were conducted are 
situated on Long Island, near Riverhead; in the lower Hudson 
Valley near Yorktown; and in western New York at Geneva in 
Ontario county, near Carlton Station in Orleans county, and at ~ 
Youngstown in Niagara county.. As the relative abundance of 
orchard diseases and insects is often determined by the local 
conditions the experiments were distributed over a larger area 
than before that data might be obtained on as many species as 
possible. In carrying out this work especial consideration was 
given to the forms which are susceptible to treatment during the 
dormant season or early spring. 
The number of trees sprayed with the sulphur washes was. 
7325, divided as follows: Prunes 150, cherries 348, plums 1359, 
peaches 1149, pears 2822 and apples 1497. The details of the 
experiments giving the more important results are discussed 
under separate headings. 
ORCHARD I. (SUFFOLK COUNTY.) PIHACHES. 
_ This. orchard is adjacent to Centerville. For the experiment 
164 Elberta and 25 Triumph peaches were selected for treatment. 
These trees have been given good care with respect to cultiva- 
tion, pruning and fertilization. For the years 1899, 1900 and 
1901 they received the regular treatment with bordeaux mixture 
for the prevention of leaf curl. In 1902 and 1903 spraying was 
neglected and the trees were severely injured by this disease. 
The San José scale was present in the orchard but the infestation 
was usually not extensive. For checks, 1300 trees in adjacent 
rows were reserved. 
Conditions.—Applications of the sprays were made April 14, 
15 and 16. During the two weeks immediately following the 
treatment rains fell on April 20, 25, 27, 28 and 29, the total pre- 
cipitation for the period being 2.57 inches. The wash used was 
the self-boiled lime-sulphur-caustic soda wash. 
Results on scale—The sulphur wash proved very efficient. 
Several careful examinations made as late as October 1 failed to 
reveal any evidence of living scales. 
Results on peach leaf curl.—With the exception of some of the 
leaves at the terminal buds the sprayed trees were practically 
