220 
whole stirred until cold. One pint of the mixture was diluted with 
twenty gallons soft water, and applied to the tree in the same man~ 
ner as the Paris green and water. The foliage seemed to be injured 
considerably by the application, a portion of the leaves turning 
brown in a few days, as if scorched. 
This tree yielded 208 fruits that were not wormy, and 162 wormy 
ones, or 44 percent. of wormy fruits. 
It appears that the percentage of wormy fruits from the trees 
ti 
sprayed with Paris green and water was about 22 per cent. less than — 
from those not sprayed. In other words, at this rate 100 barrels of 
apples picked from the sprayed trees would have yielded 22 barrels 
more fruit free from worms, than the same number from the un-~- 
sprayed trees. The kerosene emulsion in this case did not seem to 
prove beneficial. 
The cabbage caterpillar (larva of Pieris rapae, L.). 
This insect was first noticed June 19, but did not abound in suf- 
ficient numbers to do much injury at any time during the season. 
No perceptible damage was noticed until about July 20. For afew 
days following this date however the caterpillars increased with con~ 
siderable rapidity. Wemade two applications of Pyrethrum powder, 
mixed with three times its bulk of land plaster, allowing the mix- 
ture to stand a few hours before making the application, which was 
done with the Woodason powder bellows. This destroyed the greater — 
part of the caterpillars, but the plaster was not very satisfactory as a — 
diluent for the powder, being so heavy as not to be easily blown 
from the bellows. 
Ice-water applied at mid-day has been recommended as a destroyer 
of the cabbage caterpillar. Wishing to intensify the conditions as 
much as possible in testing this, we gathered July 24, a quantity of 
the worms with sections of the leaves on which they were feeding. 
We submerged the leaves with the worms in ice-water for a quarter 
of a minute, after which we removed them to a porch exposed to the 
full rays of the July sun. The thermometer at the time indicated 
more than eighty degrees in the shade, and must have reached near- 
ly or quite 100 degrees in the point where the leaves were exposed. 
In half an hour the leaves were so dried as to be brittle in places, 
but the worms had sought refuge on the under side of the leavesand 
exhibited no inconvenience. As this experiment failed socompletely, 
we made no further tests, Prof. C. V. Riley has since written us, 
that the strong point in this application is not that the ice-water de- 
stroys the worms, but that it causes them to curl up, and drop to 
the ground, after which they are unable to regain their foothold — | 
upon the plant. It seems evident however that many would not fall 
to the ground, but would be caught within the interstices or folds 
of the leaves, and those that did fall would, in many cases, be shaded 
by the foliage, so that the leat of the sun would probably be little 
hindrance to their locomotion. 
A parasitic attack. 
Early in September, some dead worms were noticed upon the cab- 
bage plants, and others not dead, that appeared to be suffering from 
a disease. ‘The number of dead worms increased until the first of 


