New YorK AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. Zi 
ence was probably due in large part to imperfect protection and 
accidents to the treated buds after setting. 
The experiments of Series II resulted in a failure to kill the 
scales during the winter with gas of less strength than .3 gram 
of cyanide. The spring treatment gave different results. The 
gas at a little more than half the strength (.18 gram) killed the 
scales in every case and did not injure the foliage. 
In tests made on Long Island the conclusion was reached that 
it is possible to exterminate the scale in small, isolated orchards 
of small trees by fumigation. Under favorable circumstances 
the gas from .15 gram of cyanide per cubic foot of space sufficed 
to kill the scales; but where the fumigation is done over damp 
soil, or when the trees are wet, it is best to use twice this 
amount as the gas is rapidly absorbed by water, thus reducing 
the percentage in the air. It is safe to use gas of this strength 
(.3 gram of cyanide per cubic foot) for fram 380 to 60 minutes 
upon all dormant orchard trees. 
Trials of different proportions of cyanide, acid and water in 
the formula for generating the gas in fumigation showed that 
1 part of lump cyanide by weight, 14 times as much acid by 
volume and 3 times as much water by volume gave complete, 
rapid and not too violent chemical action. This formula differs 
but slightly from the commonly used formula (1—-1$—2}); so that 
the latter may be followed if preferred, using a little more water 
if the action seems too violent. 
Promising imsecticides.—Certain insecticides which were tried 
as most promising remedies for the San José scale, but which 
require further tests to demonstrate their value are whale-oil 
soap and crude petroleum compound, the lime-sulphur-and-salt 
wash and a kerosene-lime emulsion. 
Modification of the Station fumigator.—This consists of a new 
method of holding the door in place. Instead of buttons, four 
strips extend across the front of the door and project about 
three inches on each side. The projecting ends are cut on a 
bevel and fit against corresponding surfaces of blocks fastened 
to the sides of the fumigator. As the door is pressed down it 
is forced securely into place. 
