Ngew YorK AGRICULTURAL EXPPRIMENT STATION. 293 
country its treatment and control have been the subject of a 
large number of publications. Unfortunately a number of con- 
flicting and misleading results have been obtained and pub- 
lished. As a result, orchardists are often at a loss to know 
whether the expense and the chances of failure are not too great 
to warrant undertaking any treatment, or are unable to decide 
correctly between different methods. We feel justified, there- 
fore, in adding another chapter on the treatment of this notor- 
ious pest. In addition it is desirable to record the conditions 
and results met with in this section of the State (Long Island). 
OBJECT OF TESTS. 
The object of making the following tests was not only to 
determine the amounts of potassium cyanide that should be 
used in orchard work, together with its effect on trees and in- 
sects, but to determine whether it is possible to exterminate this 
pest over small isolated areas and at same time to simplify and 
cheapen the method so that orchardists would find fumigation 
feasible. Incidental to this work were tests on time of chemi- 
cal action, on kinds of apparatus used, and on cost 
HISTORY OF TESTS. 
During the winter of 1899-1900, about 20 apple, 14 cherry, 201 
peach, 6 pear, and 25 plum trees (in the orchard) were fumigated 
by means of tents. As it was not only impossible to estimate 
accurately the amount of space enclosed by a tent when placed 
over a tree, but was also found impracticable to prevent fre- 
quent leakage of gas from the tents, caused by constant wearing 
and puncturing by the branches, the work was discontinued until 
the winter of 1900-1901, at which time folding fumigators hav- 
ing fixed dimensions were constructed and used. The plums, 
pears and cherries, which were separated from the main orchard 
by a high embankment and were distant one-eighth mile, were 
not treated again; but the apple and peach trees, treated the 
previous winter, were refumigated. 
