664 Report oF THE HoRTICULTURIST OF THE 
above outlined has proved equally successful in preventing apple 
scab and codlin moth in the Station orchards, and this treatment 
is, therefore, advocated for apples as well as pears with the excep- 
tion presently to be set forth in the discussion of injury to the 
fruit from spraying. The treatments should be made as follows: 
First treatment. Aftertheleaf buds break but before the blos- 
somsopen. In this locality this period usually lasts about ten days. 
Second treatment. Immediately after blossoming. 
Third treatment. From ten to fourteen days after the second 
treatment. 
One of the Station apple orchards which was given three treat- 
ments, the first before the blossoms opened, using Bordeaux 
mixture alone, the second immediately after the blossoms fell, 
using Bordeaux mixture and London purple, and a third after an 
interval of about two weeks, using the same formula as for the 
second, resulted in excellent success. Although some varieties 
showed some injury to the foliage the orchard as a whole, on 
account of its healthy foliage and holding its fruit till it ripened, 
presented a marked contrast to the orchards of the vicinity which 
were not treated for scab. A considerable portion of the foliage 
of the latter turned yellow and dropped during the latter part 
of June and in July, and much of the fruit dropped also. Since 
the sprayed trees held their leaves and fruit through this period, 
it is reasonable to attribute to the action of parasitic fungi under 
weather conditions unfavorable to the health of the foliage much 
of the dropping of fruit and foliage from trees not treated with 
the Bordeaux mixture. 
Insurious Errgots or BorpEavx Mrature. 
The third point proposed for investigation in 1894, as stated on 
a previous page, was “To what extent is the Bordeaux mixture 
treatment liable to cause a roughness or russeting of the fruit?” 
In the report of the experiments with pears for 1893 it was stated ™ 
that this trouble was not noticed on any of the fruit sprayed that 
season, and attention was called to the injury of pears by the Bor- 
deaux mixture as noted by Greene.” In bulletin 48 just cited he 
states that he had observed a roughness of the skin of late- 
sprayed fruit, and cautions against the use of Bordeaux mixture 
17 Bulletin 67 of this Station, page 193, and Annual Report for 1893, page 704. 
18 Green, W. J. Bulletin 48, Ohio Experiment Station, 1893, page 12; Proceedings Western 
N. Y. Horticultural Society, 1894, page 65. 
wre oe 

