666 Report OF THE HORTICULTURIST OF THE 
Injury to pears followed third application, When I visited the orchard again, June 1, it was 
very apparent on sides of young fruit, and especially on stems, and many had already fallen. 
Apples were still covered with down of hairs, hence injury would not have been so apparent if 
present, but I looked for it carefully and could see little evidence of it, so do not think it had 
o2curred so seriously as yet. One Fameuse tree was left unsprayed May 21. It was sprayed 
as the others before this and also twice afterward (Juneland on Junel16). All the other 
Fameuse were russeted quite badly, this one practically free from the injury. In age of tree, 
soil condition, exposure, etc., it was situated no differently from several surrounding it which 
showed the injury. 
There were the two new conditions in my work this year: 
1. The mixture was made with the ferrocyanide test. 
2. The climatic conditions already noted which were entirely different than we usually have. 
In former seasons I have sprayed fruit, both pears and apples at about the same period 
in their development as I did this season and have seen no seriousresults. I do not feel that 
the injury was primarily due to the stage of the development of the fruit, therefore, although 
its tender condition may partly account for it. In my opinion the trouble lies between the 
ferrocyanide mixture and the weather. I hope that it may prove to be the latter for the 
ferrocyanide test is very convenient. Istated in my article in Garden and Forest that I have 
tested the Bordeaux mixture made by the ferrocyanide test on potatoes and find it safe there.” 
So far as I have noticed the most serious injury to pears in con- 
nection with the use of Bordeaux mixture that has been reported 
is that mentioned by Lodeman”' as occurring in 1894 in western 
New York, where, in one instance, 75 per cent. of the crop was 
ruined as aresult, it was thought, of spraying with this mixture. 
Further inquiry has developed the fact that Paris green was used 
with the Bordeaux mixture in this case, thus introducing another 
element of uncertainty as to the cause or causes of the injury, 
and leaving room for doubting whether this injury should be 
attributed to the use of the ferrocyanide test. 
It is well known that injury follows the use of Bordeaux mix- 
ture when prepared with an insufficient amount of lime. An 
instance of this kind reported by Galloway is mentioned on a 
previous page. But this need not occur if directions for using 
the potassium ferrocyanide test are carefully followed, that is to 
say, if lime is added until when thoroughly stirred the mixture 
does not change the color of the potassium ferrocyanide when 
tested. It is our custom after the test shows no color reaction to 
add a little more lime to insure an excess of this ingredient, and 
we recommend this practice inasmuch as there need be no 
fear of injurious results from adding too much lime. 
One gentleman who reported to the writer a case where serious 
injury followed the use of Bordeaux mixture prepared by means 
21Lodeman, E.G. Bordeaux mixture and the potassium ferrocyanide test, Garden and - 
Forest, vol. VII, 1894, page 456. 
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